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Guerra de Secessão. Andrew Johnson ( 29 de dezembro de 1808 — 31 de julho de 1875) foi o 17º Presidente dos Estados Unidos, na posição de 1865 a 1869. Ele primeiro foi vice-presidente até o momento do assassinato de Abraham Lincoln. Johnson era um Democrata que concorreu com Lincoln na chapa do Partido União Nacional ao lado ...
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Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 – July 31, 1875) was an American politician who served as the 17th president of the United States from 1865 to 1869. He assumed the presidency following the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, as he was vice president at that time.
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- Early life and career
Andrew Johnson became the 17th president of the United States in 1865. He took office after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.
Why did Andrew Johnson veto the Reconstruction Acts?
Andrew Johnson vetoed the Reconstruction Acts that provided suffrage for male freedmen and military administration of the Southern states. He maintained that the Reconstruction Acts were unconstitutional because they were passed without Southern representation in Congress. Congress overode his vetoes.
Why was Andrew Johnson impeached?
Andrew Johnson dismissed from office Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton to provide a court test of the Tenure of Office Act’s constitutionality. For this and other reasons, the House of Representatives voted articles of impeachment against the president—the first such occurrence in U.S. history.
Who was Andrew Johnson's wife?
Johnson was the younger of two sons of Jacob and Mary McDonough Johnson. Jacob Johnson, who served as a porter in a local inn, as a sexton in the Presbyterian church, and as town constable, died when Andrew was three years old, leaving his family in poverty. His widow took in work as a spinner and weaver to support her family and later remarried. She bound Andrew as an apprentice tailor when he was 14. In 1826, when he had just turned 17, having broken his indenture, he and his family moved to Greeneville, Tennessee. Johnson opened his own tailor shop, which bore the simple sign “A. Johnson, tailor.” (When Johnson was president, he remarked that he still knew how to sew a coat.) He hired a man to read to him while he worked with needle and thread. From a book containing some of the world’s great orations he began to learn history. Another subject he studied was the Constitution of the United States, which he was soon able to recite from memory in large part. Harry Truman said that Johnson knew the Constitution better than any other president, and many of his later political battles were framed in terms of the constitutionality of proposed legislation. His copy of the Constitution was buried with him.
Johnson never went to school and taught himself how to read and spell. In 1827, now 18 years old, he married 16-year-old Eliza McCardle (Eliza Johnson), whose father was a shoemaker. She taught her husband to read and write more fluently and to do arithmetic. She, too, often read to him as he worked. In middle age she contracted what was called “slow consumption” (tuberculosis) and became an invalid. She rarely appeared in public during her husband’s presidency, the role of hostess usually being filled by their eldest child, Martha, wife of David T. Patterson, U.S. senator from Tennessee.
Johnson’s lack of formal schooling and his homespun quality were distinct assets in building a political base of poor people seeking a fuller voice in government. His tailor shop became a kind of centre for political discussion with Johnson as the leader; he had become a skillful orator in an era when public speaking and debate was a powerful political tool. Before he was 21, he organized a workingman’s party that elected him first an alderman and then mayor of Greeneville. During his eight years in the state legislature (1835–43), he found a natural home in the states’ rights Democratic Party of Andrew Jackson and emerged as the spokesman for mountaineers and small farmers against the interests of the landed classes. In that role, he was sent to Washington for 10 years as a U.S. representative (1843–53), after which he served as governor of Tennessee (1853–57). Elected a U.S. senator in 1856, he generally adhered to the dominant Democratic views favouring lower tariffs and opposing antislavery agitation. Johnson had achieved a measure of prosperity and owned a few slaves himself. In 1860, however, he broke dramatically with the party when, after Lincoln’s election, he vehemently opposed Southern secession. When Tennessee seceded in June 1861, he alone among the Southern senators remained at his post and refused to join the Confederacy. Sharing the race and class prejudice of many poor white people in his state, he explained his decision: “Damn the negroes, I am fighting those traitorous aristocrats, their masters.” Although denounced throughout the South, he remained loyal to the Union. In recognition of this unwavering support, Lincoln appointed him (May 1862) military governor of Tennessee, by then under federal control.
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29 de out. de 2009 · Learn about the life and presidency of Andrew Johnson, who became the 17th U.S. president after Abraham Lincoln's assassination in 1865. Find out how he handled the aftermath of the Civil War, clashed with Radical Republicans and was impeached by Congress.
Learn about the life and presidency of Andrew Johnson, who succeeded Abraham Lincoln after his assassination in 1865. Find out how he faced the challenges of Reconstruction, the Radical Republicans, and impeachment.
14 de jan. de 2021 · Isabela Barreiros Publicado em 14/01/2021, às 16h46 - Atualizado às 16h46. Andrew Johnson, 17º Presidente dos Estados Unidos - Wikimedia Commons. Donald Trump está nos noticiários do mundo pela segunda vez por um mesmo motivo: ele está sofrendo o segundo processo de impeachment em seu mandato.
2 de abr. de 2014 · Learn about the life and presidency of Andrew Johnson, the 17th U.S. president who succeeded Abraham Lincoln and was impeached by Congress. Explore his controversial policies on Reconstruction, slavery, civil rights and the Union during the Civil War.
