Há 1 dia · Politics portal v t e In the politics of the United States, elections are held for government officials at the federal, state, and local levels. At the federal level, the nation's head of state, the president, is elected indirectly by the people of each state, through an Electoral College.
Há 1 dia · Joe Biden Democratic 2024 U.S. presidential election Timeline Parties Polling national statewide Fundraising Democratic Party Primaries Candidates Polling Endorsements Convention Republican Party Primaries Candidates Debates and forums Polling national statewide Endorsements Convention Third parties Libertarian Party primaries Green Party primaries
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- Etymology
- History
- Overview of The Office
- Cross-Country Comparative Details
- Lists of Prime Ministers
- See Also
- Further Reading
The term "prime minister" is attested in 17th Century sources referring to Cardinal Richelieu, after he was named premier ministre to head the French royal council in 1624. The title was used alongside the principal ministre d'État ("chief minister of the state") more as a job description. After 1661, Louis XIVand his descendants refused to allow o...
Origins
The monarchs of England and the United Kingdom had ministers in whom they placed special trust and who were regarded as the head of the government. Examples were Thomas Cromwell under Henry VIII; William Cecil, Lord Burghley under Elizabeth I; Clarendon under Charles II and Godolphin under Queen Anne. These ministers held a variety of formal posts, but were commonly known as "the minister", the "chief minister", the "first minister" and finally the "prime minister". The power of these ministe...
Development
In the mid 17th century, after the English Civil War (1642–1651), Parliament strengthened its position relative to the monarch then gained more power through the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and passage of the Bill of Rights in 1689.The monarch could no longer establish any law or impose any tax without its permission and thus the House of Commons became a part of the government. It is at this point that a modern style of prime minister begins to emerge. A tipping point in the evolution of the...
Modern usage
In the late 20th century, many of the world's countries had prime ministers or equivalent ministers, holding office under either constitutional monarchiesor ceremonial presidents. The main exceptions to this system include Switzerland and the United States, as well as the presidential republics in Latin America, such as Chile and Mexico, modelled on the U.S. system in which the president directly exercises executive authority. Bahrain's former prime minister, Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Kha...
In monarchies and in republics
The post of prime minister may be encountered both in constitutional monarchies (such as Belgium, Denmark, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Malaysia, Morocco, Spain,[note 2] Sweden, Thailand, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom) and in parliamentary republics, in which the head of state is an elected official (such as Bangladesh, Finland, the Czech Republic, France, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia (1945–66), Ireland, Nigeria (1960–66), Pakistan, Portugal, Monte...
Entry into office
In parliamentary systems a prime minister may enter into office by several means. 1. The head of state appoints a prime minister, of their personal choice: Example: France, where the president has the power to appoint the prime minister of their choice, though the National Assemblycan force a government to resign, they cannot nominate or appoint a new candidate. 1. While in practice most prime ministers under the Westminster system (including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Malaysia, India an...
Exit from office
Most prime ministers in parliamentary systems are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of elections and parliaments. For example, Margaret Thatcher was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion, in 1979. She remained continuously in power until 1990, though she used the assembly of each House of Commons after a general election to reshuffle her cabinet. Some states, however, do have a term of office of the prime minister linke...
Titles
In many cases, though commonly used, "prime minister" is not the official title of the office-holder. In the Russian constitution, the prime minister is titled Chairman of the government. The Irish prime minister is called the Taoiseach (which is rendered into English as prime minister), in Israel the prime minister is Rosh HaMemshalah, meaning "head of the government", and the Spanish prime minister is the President of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno). The head of government of the P...
Constitutional basis for the position in different countries
The position, power and status of prime ministers differ depending on the age of the constitution. Algeria's constitution (1962) lists the powers, functions and duties of the prime minister of Algeria. Australia's constitution makes no mention of a prime minister of Australiaand the office only exists by convention, based on the British model. Bangladesh's constitution clearly outlines the functions and powers of the prime minister, and also details the process of his/her appointment and dism...
The following table groups the list of past and present prime ministers and details information available in those lists.
Andrew Blick & George Jones, Premiership: The Development, Nature and Power of the Office of the British Prime Minister (Exeter: Imprint Academic, 2010), ISBN 9781845406479.Michael Foley, The British Presidency(Manchester University Press, Manchester, 2000)Peter Hennessy, The Prime Minister: The Office and Its Holders Since 1945 (New York: St. Martin's Press, 2001), ISBN 978-0-312-29313-0.Paul Langford, "Prime Ministers and Parliaments: The Long View, Walpole to Blair.", The Annual History of Parliament Lecture, 2005, Parliamentary History, 25, 3 (2006): 382–394, doi:10.1353/pah.200...Há 2 horas · Presidential elections 1824 1832 1844 American System Ashland Clay's law office Charlotte Dupuy Great Triumvirate Death Lying in state v t e Henry Clay Sr. (April 12, 1777 – June 29, 1852) was an American lawyer and statesman who represented Kentucky in both the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives.
Há 1 dia · Turkey is a presidential republic within a multi-party system. [145] The current constitution was approved by referendum in 1982, which determines the government's structure, lays forth the ideals and standards of the state's conduct, and sets out the state's responsibility to its citizens.
Há 1 dia · Profile Central offices of the Institutional Revolutionary Party The adherents of the PRI are known in Mexico as Priístas and the party is nicknamed El tricolor (Tricolor) because of its use of the Mexican national colors of green, white and red as found on the Mexican flag .
30 de nov. de 2023 · Wiki on the wider web. Ok, geminauts, prepared to get a li’l confused since we normally use the word “web” to mean the HTTP, JavaScript-laden muck that’s not Gemini, or at least I do, but in this one I’m gonna use “web” to mean an interconnected web of texts. Even though some of, or even most of, those texts live in Gemini or on ...
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