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Social control theory. In criminology, social control theory proposes that exploiting the process of socialization and social learning builds self-control and reduces the inclination to indulge in behavior recognized as antisocial. It derived from functionalist theories of crime and was developed by Ivan Nye (1958), who proposed that there were ...
Rather, this chapter outlines the key findings of the deterrence theory and highlights the remaining challenges. The theory of optimal deterrence investigates how the government may achieve its objective given the individual decision-making strategy. The government objective is to maximize what deterrence scholars often refer to as social welfare.
Protection motivation theory was developed by R.W. Rogers in 1975 in order to better understand fear appeals and how people cope with them. [1] However, Dr. Rogers would later expand on the theory in 1983 to a more general theory of persuasive communication. The theory was originally based on the work of Richard Lazarus, who researched how ...
29 de abr. de 2021 · Edited by Frans Osinga and Tim Sweijs, Deterrence in the 21st Century – Insights from Theory and Practice (free download) is the 2020 edition of the Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies. In 26 chapters and over 500 pages, the contributors examine the concept of deterrence from every conceivable – and occasionally inconceivable ...
Coercion (international relations) In international relations, coercion refers to the imposition of costs by a state on other states and non-state actors to prevent them from taking an action ( deterrence) or to compel them to take an action ( compellence ). [1] [2] [3] Coercion frequently takes the form of threats or the use of limited ...
The theory of "Minimum Credible Deterrence (MCD)" has been frequently being interpreted by the various government-in-time of effect of Pakistan. Although the MCD theory was officially adopted in 1998 as part of Pakistan's defence theory, [10] on the other hand, the theory has had been interpreted by the government since in 1972.
Dark forest hypothesis. The dark forest hypothesis is the conjecture that many alien civilizations exist throughout the universe, but they are both silent and hostile, maintaining their undetectability for fear of being destroyed by another hostile and undetected civilization. [1] It is one of many possible explanations of the Fermi paradox ...
