Há 3 dias · Colorectal cancer ( CRC ), also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine ). [5] Signs and symptoms may include blood in the stool, a change in bowel movements, weight loss, and fatigue.
- Old age, lifestyle factors and genetic disorders
- Blood in stool, change in bowel movements, unintentional weight loss, vomiting, fatigue
- 551,000 (2018)
- Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy
10 de jan. de 2023 · Some other colorectal cancer risk factors may include: being over the age of 50. being male. having a low income. having a diet low in fiber and high in animal protein, saturated fats, and ...
- Epidemiology
- Clinical Presentation
- Pathology
- Radiographic Features
- Treatment and Prognosis
- Differential Diagnosis
Colorectal cancer is common, accounting for 15% of all newly diagnosed cancers, and tends to be a disease of the elderly, with the median age of diagnosis between 60 and 80 years of age 2, slightly younger for rectal cancer. There is also a slight male predilection for rectal cancers, not found in tumors elsewhere in the colon. A number of predispo...
Clinical presentation is typically insidious: 1. altered bowel habit (constipation and/or diarrhea) 2. iron-deficiency anemia(chronic occult blood loss) However initial manifestation may be acute: 1. bowel obstruction 2. intussusception 3. heavy rectal bleeding Less common presentations include: 1. that of metastatic disease (e.g. respiratory sympt...
Colorectal cancers, 98% of which are adenocarcinomas, arise in the vast majority of cases from pre-existing colonic adenomas (neoplastic polyps), which progressively undergo a malignant transformation as they accumulate additional mutations 2(so-called multi-hit hypothesis). Morphologically cancers can be: 1. sessile 2. exophytic 3. circumferential...
sensitivities for polyps >1 cmpolyps <1 cm: <50% detection 3Treatment involves local control with resection in almost all cases. Adjuvant chemotherapy is reserved for stage IIIdisease. Overall 5-year survival rate is 40-50%, with the stage at operation the single most important factor affecting prognosis. 1. Dukes A: 80-90% 2. Dukes B: 70% 3. Dukes C: 33% 4. Dukes D: 5% BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer has a ...
On CT colonography, the two most useful discriminators of colorectal carcinoma and diverticular disease are absence of diverticula within the structured segment, and shouldered edges, with both features having a high negative and positive predictive value for carcinoma 8. Other features pointing to carcinoma include a shorter segment length, destro...
9 de jan. de 2023 · The 7th edition of the TNM classification of colorectal carcinomas was proposed in 2010, and has now been updated and replaced by the 8th edition, published in 2016.
9 de jan. de 2023 · Citation, DOI & article data. Colorectal carcinoma staging can be performed using two systems. The traditional Dukes staging system has largely been replaced by the TNM system but is nonetheless often used clinically.
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