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Roberto II (Paisley, c. 1316 – Dundonald, 19 de abril de 1390) foi o Rei da Escócia de 1371 até sua morte, sendo também o primeiro monarca escocês da Casa de Stuart. Era filho de Gualtério Stuart, 6º Grão-senescal da Escócia e Marjorie Bruce, filha de Roberto I da Escócia e Isabel de Mar.
- Roberto I da Escócia
Em junho de 1314, ele derrotou as forças do rei Eduardo II...
- Roberto III da Escócia
Roberto III (c.1337/40 – 4 de abril de 1406), nascido João...
- Roberto II
Roberto II, Robert II, Ruperto II, Rupert II ou Ruprecht II...
- Roberto I da Escócia
- Heir Presumptive
- High Steward of Scotland
- King of Scots
- Historiography
- Marriages and Issue
- Fictional Portrayals
- External Links
Robert Stewart, born in 1316, was the only child of King Robert I's daughter Marjorie Bruce, who died either in childbirth or shortly afterwards, and Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland. Robert had the upbringing of a Gaelic noble on the Stewart lands in Bute, Clydeside, and in Renfrew. In 1315, parliament revoked Marjorie Bruce's right as...
Renewed war for independence
The first war of independence began in the reign of King John Balliol. His short reign was bedevilled by Edward I's insistence on his overlordship of Scotland. The Scottish leadership concluded that only war could release the country from the English king's continued weakening of Balliol's sovereignty and so finalised a treaty of reciprocal assistance with France in October 1295. The Scots forayed into England in March 1296—this incursion together with the French treaty angered the English ki...
King David's captivity
With the king now imprisoned in England and Randolph dead, the guardianship once again fell to Robert. In 1347 he took the important step of ensuring the legitimation of his four sons, John, Earl of Carrick (the future King Robert III), Walter, Lord of Fife (d. 1362), Robert (the future Duke of Albany) and Alexander, Lord of Badenoch (and future Earl of Buchan), and six daughters by petitioning Pope Clement VI to allow a canon lawmarriage to Elizabeth Mure. Even though an English prisoner, Da...
Consolidation of Stewart power and personal rule
David died childless on 22 February 1371 and was succeeded by Robert II. David was buried at Holyrood Abbey almost immediately but an armed protest by William, Earl of Douglas delayed Robert II's coronation until 26 March 1371. The reasons for the incident remain unclear but may have involved a dispute regarding Robert's right of succession, or may have been directed against George Dunbar, Earl of March (also known as Earl of Dunbar) and the southern justiciar, Robert Erskine. It was resolved...
Loss of authority and death
Robert's son, John, Earl of Carrick, had become the foremost Stewart magnate south of the Forth just as Alexander, Earl of Buchan was in the north. Alexander's activities and methods of royal administration, enforced by Gaelic mercenaries, drew criticism from northern earls and bishops and his younger half-brother David, Earl of Strathearn. These complaints damaged the king's standing within the Council leading to criticism of his ability to curb Buchan's activities. Robert's differences with...
The reign of Robert II has undergone a re-appraisal since the works of historians Gordon Donaldson (1967) and Ranald Nicholson (1974). Donaldson admitted to a lack of knowledge (at the time he was writing) regarding Robert's reign and accepts that the early chroniclers writing near his reign found little to criticise. Robert's career before and aft...
In 1336, he first married Elizabeth Mure(died 1355), daughter of Sir Adam Mure of Rowallan. The marriage was criticised for being uncanonical, so he remarried her in 1349 after receiving a papal dispensation in 1347. From this union, ten children reached adulthood: 1. John (died 1406), who became King of Scotland as Robert III, married Anabella Dru...
Robert II has been depicted in historical novels. They include: 1. The Three Perils of Man; or, War, women, and witchcraft (1822) by James Hogg. The tale takes place in the reign of Robert II whose "country enjoyed happiness and peace, all save a part adjoining to the borders of England." Part of the action takes place at Linlithgow Palace, where R...
Robert II at the official website of the British monarchyPortraits of Robert II of Scotland at the National Portrait Gallery, London- 22 February 1371 – 19 April 1390
- Marjorie Bruce
Roberto II (Paisley, c. 1316 – Dundonald, 19 de abril de 1390) foi o Rei da Escócia de 1371 até sua morte, sendo também o primeiro monarca escocês da Casa de Stuart. Era filho de Gualtério Stuart, 6º Grão-senescal da Escócia e Marjorie Bruce, filha de Roberto I da Escócia e Isabel de Mar.
O Rei Roberto II foi um dos monarcas mais importantes da história, e seu reinado fez parte da revolução socialista que mudou a Escócia para sempre. Nesta matéria, vamos mergulhar no passado para contar a história desse grande homem e descobrir como ele ajudou a moldar a história da Escócia para sempre!
