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1443 (MCDXLIII, na numeração romana) foi um ano comum do século XV do Calendário Juliano, da Era de Cristo, e a sua letra dominical foi F (52 semanas), teve início a uma terça-feira e terminou também a uma terça-feira.
1443. Year 1443 ( MCDXLIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar . Events. January–December. July 22 – Battle of St. Jakob an der Sihl ( Old Zürich War ): The forces of the city of Zürich are defeated, but the Swiss Confederacy have insufficient strength to besiege and take the city.
- Background
- The Crusade
- Aftermath
- In Popular Culture
In 1428, while the Ottoman Empire was fighting a war with the Republic of Venice and the Kingdom of Hungary they achieved a temporary peace by establishing the Serbian Despotate as a buffer state. After the war ended in 1430, the Ottomans returned to their earlier objective of controlling all lands south of the Danube. In 1432, Sultan Murad II bega...
Early fighting
On 1 January 1443, Pope Eugene IV published a crusading bull. In early May, it was reported "that the Turks were in a bad state and that it would be easy to expel them from Europe". War was proclaimed against Sultan Murad II at the diet of Buda on Palm Sunday 1443, and with an army of 40,000 men, mostly Magyars, the young monarch, with Hunyadi commanding under him, crossed the Danube and took Nish and Sofia. The crusaders, led by Władysław, Hunyadi, and Branković, attacked in mid-October. The...
Battle of Nish
In the Battle of Nish the crusaders were victorious and forced Kasim Pasha of Rumelia and his co-commander Turahan Bey to flee to Sofia, Bulgaria to warn Murad of the invasion. However, the two burned all the villages in their path in an attempt to wear down the crusaders with a scorched earthtactic. When they arrived in Sofia, they advised the Sultan to burn the city and retreat to the mountain passes beyond, where the Ottoman's smaller army would not be such a disadvantage.
Battle of Zlatitsa
Shortly after, bitter cold set in, and the next encounter, fought at Zlatitsa Pass on 12 December 1443, was fought in the snow. Until the Battle of Zlatitsa the crusaders did not meet a major Ottoman army, but only town garrisons along their route toward Adrianople. Finally, at Zlatitsa they met strong and well positioned defence forces of the Ottoman army.The crusaders were defeated. As they marched home, however, they ambushed and defeated a pursuing force in the Battle of Kunovica, where M...
Many of the Crusaders were crippled by frostbite, many more died in smaller follow-up battles, and many Europeans were captured. Hungary fell back into civil war until Hunyadi was elected Regent for the infant Ladislausin June 1446. Branković retained control over Serbia. The Ottoman victory in Varna, followed by their victory in the Second Battle ...
The end of the Crusade of Varna serves as the starting point for the grand strategy video game Europa Universalis IV by Paradox Development Studio, one day after the Battle of Varna, on 11 November 1444.
- October 1443 – November 1444
- Southern Europe ( Balkans)
- Ottoman victory
1443 foi um ano comum do século XV do Calendário Juliano, da Era de Cristo, e a sua letra dominical foi F , teve início a uma terça-feira e terminou também a uma terça-feira.
The Battle of Nish (early November 1443) was fought between the Crusaders led by John Hunyadi and Đurađ Branković and the Ottoman Empire led by Kasim Pasha. It saw the Crusaders capture the Ottoman stronghold of Nish in Serbia, and defeat two armies of the Ottoman Empire.
- Early November 1443
- Niš, Ottoman Empire
- Crusader victory
Século XIV — Século XV — Século XVI. DÉCADAS: 1390 • 1400 • 1410 • 1420 • 1430 • 1440 • 1450 • 1460 • 1470 • 1480 • 1490. ANOS: 1437 • 1438 • 1439 • 1440 • 1441 • 1442 • 1443 • 1444 • 1445 • 1446 • 1447. Outros projetos Wikimedia também contêm material sobre este tema: Textos ...
March. King Gustav Vasa 's troops crush the forces of Swedish peasant rebel Nils Dacke in battle, ending the uprising. Dacke escapes, but is captured and killed in the summer. Consolidating Act of Welsh Union: The Parliament of England establishes counties and regularises parliamentary representation in Wales. [1]
