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v. t. e. Federalism is a mode of government that combines a general government (the central or "federal" government) with regional governments ( provincial, state, cantonal, territorial, or other sub-unit governments) in a single political system, dividing the powers between the two.
Le fédéralisme, du latin fœdus, « renvoie à l'ensemble des caractéristiques et des pratiques institutionnelles des systèmes politiques fédéraux ainsi qu’aux théories politiques qui ont été construites pour en rendre compte ou pour les promouvoir » [1].
In the United States, federalism is the constitutional division of power between U.S. state governments and the federal government of the United States. Since the founding of the country, and particularly with the end of the American Civil War, power shifted away from the states and toward the national government.
Federalism in Germany. Federalism in Germany is made of the states of Germany and the federal government. The central government, the states, and the German municipalities have different tasks and partially competing regions of responsibilities ruled by a complex system of checks and balances.
Le terme de fédéralisme européen désigne le courant politique visant la construction d'une Europe fédérale, comme le projet de fédération européenne de Robert Schuman.
Federalism is a political philosophy in which a group of people are bound together, with a governing head. In a federation, the authority is divided between the head (for example the national government of a country) and the political units governed by it (for example the states or provinces of the country).
As a subfield of public economics, fiscal federalism is concerned with "understanding which functions and instruments are best centralized and which are best placed in the sphere of decentralized levels of government" (Oates, 1999). In other words, it is the study of how competencies (expenditure side) and fiscal instruments (revenue ...