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9 de mai. de 2024 · James II, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1685 to 1688. He was deposed in the Glorious Revolution (1688–89) and replaced by William III and Mary II. That revolution, engendered by James’s Roman Catholicism, permanently established Parliament as the ruling power in England.
- James II succeeded his brother, Charles II, as king of England, Scotland, and Ireland in 1685 and was deposed by the Glorious Revolution in 1688.
- James II converted to Roman Catholicism before coming to the throne. His placement of Catholic allies in high positions in the court and army, coup...
- James II was the last British Stuart king in the direct line. The Glorious Revolution that overthrew him also permanently established Parliament as...
- James II’s first wife, Anne, was Protestant (though she converted to Catholicism), and their daughters were Mary II (wife of William of Orange and...
James VII and II (14 October 1633 O.S. – 16 September 1701) [a] was King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII [4] from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685. He was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. He was the last Catholic monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
Há 1 dia · Read a biography about King James II - a Stuart king of England, Scotland and Ireland who was overthrown in the 'Glorious Revolution' by William III.
- A Troubled Monarchy
- The Monmouth Rebellion
- Family & Catholicism
- The Glorious Revolution
- Developments in Science
- Successors & Ireland
The British monarchy had been formally abolished during the English Civil Wars (1642-1651) when James II's father Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649) was charged with treason and making war against his own people, found guilty, and executed on 30 January 1649. During the troubled conflict, Charles I had sent his family to the safety of France. Char...
James II's main competitor for the crown had been James Scott, Duke of Monmouth (b. 1649), the illegitimate son of Charles II. Monmouth attempted to take the throne by force in July 1685. To increase his claims of legitimacy, the Protestant Monmouth claimed that his father had actually married his mother Lucy Walter, and evidence of this could be f...
James had married Anne Hyde, the daughter of the Earl of Clarendon on 3 September 1660, but she died of illness in March 1671. He married again on 30 September 1673, this time to Mary (d. 1718), the daughter of the Duke of Modena. With Anne, James had eight children, but only two survived into adulthood: Mary (b. 1662) and Anne (b. 1665), both of w...
Many prominent Protestants felt the time for action was now or never. The dukes of Devonshire and Shrewsbury, the Bishop of London, and others got together and contacted Protestant Prince William of Orange via the Dutch ambassador in England, inviting him to become king of England, Scotland, and Ireland. William had close connections with Britain, ...
James' reign had been short, but its events were monumental in terms of history. Never again would a British monarch enjoy the powers that James had. There was a second event in his reign, and one equally dramatic in its long-term effects, this time in the field of science and physics, in particular. Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727) recovered sufficien...
William of Orange became William III of England (also William II of Scotland, r. 1689-1702) via a decree by Parliament on 13 February 1689. This was the first time in English history that Parliament had overseen the change of one monarch to another without bloodshed or simple hereditary convention. The event and its aftermath have been called the G...
- Mark Cartwright
Eleanor Hull. A History of Ireland and Her People. 1926-1931. James II in Ireland | start of chapter. On March 12, 1689, James landed at Kinsale, attended by a French fleet of over thirty warships, with thirteen attendant vessels of 2,223 guns and 13,000 seamen, and provided with 500,000 crowns in money.
1878. James II., King of England, Ireland, and Scotland, was born at St. James’s, London, 15th October 1633, and succeeded his brother, Charles II., 6th February 1685. James retired to France 23rd December 1688, and on 2nd February 1689, was declared to have abdicated the government.
5 de mar. de 2024 · James's attempt to regain the throne by taking a French army to Ireland failed - he was defeated at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.
