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Distribution of pre–sixth-century Elder Futhark finds. The Elder Futhark (or Fuþark ), also known as the Older Futhark, Old Futhark, or Germanic Futhark, is the oldest form of the runic alphabets. It was a writing system used by Germanic peoples for Northwest Germanic dialects in the Migration Period.
Use this tool to translate text into elder, younger, short-twig, staveless or anglo-saxon futhark runes. Learn about the history, usage and meaning of the runes and their names.
Learn about the Runic alphabet, also known as futhark, which was used by Germanic peoples in Europe. Compare the different versions of runes, see sample texts and translations, and explore the origins and meanings of the letters.
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Runic alphabet, also known as futhark, is a writing system used by Germanic peoples from the 3rd to the 16th or 17th century ad. It has different varieties and letter forms, derived from the Etruscan alphabet and influenced by the Latin alphabet.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The runic alphabet used in old futhark is composed of 24 characters, each with a possible transliteration with the Latin alphabet. To write in old futhark, to associate with each letter or sound of a message in English, his correspondence (or what is nearest) in old futhark according to the table:
- Symbol Substitution, History
- The Old Futhark is a runic alphabet used by the ancient Germans (Germanic people of Northern Europe).
- The decryption of old futhark begins with a substitution of runic characters into Latin characters to obtain an intelligible plain message. The pla...
- The alphabet is composed of vertical or sloping/diagonal lines, but never horizontal. A message can contain a maximum of 24 distinct characters. Mo...
- Estimation indicates that this language has been spoken by Germanic peoples from the second century to the eighth century AD.
Learn about rune, the early Germanic writing system also known as futhark, from Britannica. Find out its origin, history, and examples of runic inscriptions and manuscripts from various regions.
15 de mai. de 2024 · The Elder Futhark runes are ancient Norse symbols used as an alphabet and for divination. The 24 runes of the Elder Futhark each have a different symbol and meaning, including Fehu (wealth), Uruz (endurance), and Thurisaz (conflict).
