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Maria de Luna (1358 - Villarreal, 29 de dezembro de 1406 [1]) foi rainha da Coroa de Aragão, em virtude do seu casamento com Martim I de Aragão. A historiografia moderna reputou-a com o título de "A Grande", em razão de sua prudência e das qualidades que tinha para governar.
- Maria Elisa Teófilo de Luna
Maria Elisa Teófilo de Luna ( Rio de Janeiro, 23 de janeiro...
- Maria Elisa Teófilo de Luna
María de Luna (h. 1353-1406), IV señora de Segorbe y II condesa de Luna, fue reina consorte del Reino de Aragón por su matrimonio con Martín I de Aragón.
- Early Years
- At The Aragonese Court
- Queenship
- Faith and Spirituality
- Political Policy
- Recognition and Legacy
- Issue
- Bibliography
Born in 1358, Maria was the eldest child of Count Lope de Luna and his second wife, Brianda d’Agout. Her family was one of the most influential in Spain, its members occupying some of the loftiest political and religious offices in the realm. She could, for example, count Lope Fernandez de Luna, Archbishop of Zaragoza and Antipope Benedict XIII amo...
The schedule described in Maria and Martin's betrothal contract appears to have been expedited somewhat. Maria first shows up in Queen Eleanor's account books as early as 1362, suggesting that she moved to court around age four or five – several years earlier than the terms of her engagement originally stipulated. Thus, she grew up in close proximi...
Regency
In 1396, King John died without a legitimate heir. The throne of Aragon consequently passed to John's younger brother, Maria's husband Martin. At this time, however, Martin was on a military campaign in Sicily and would not receive word of his brother's death for a number of weeks. Fortuitously at hand in Barcelona, Maria was therefore acclaimed queen and appointed to serve as the Crown's lieutenant-general in her husband's absence.Maria's transition from duchess to queen was fraught with ins...
Return of Martin
Martin's return to Aragon in 1397 – many months into his reign – meant the end of Maria's time as lieutenant-general. Her importance over the next thirteen years before her death), however, remained substantial. She had a close relationship with her surviving son, Martin, and was a critical source of advice for him during his brief reign over Sicily. Her husband also clearly continued to view her as a key counselor and source of support, a relationship reflected by their extensive epistolary...
María de Luna was a proponent of the so-called Devotio Moderna, a type of Christian worship that rose to prominence in the later Middle Ages which emphasized oral prayer and intense affective meditation upon the words and deeds of Jesus. Joan Eiximenio was her personal confessor, and he translated Arbor vitae crucifixus ("the book of life of the cr...
Policy towards minorities
In 1398, María de Luna gained control over seven Jewish and six Muslim communities, and assumed responsibility for the aljama, the official legal term for the minority group encompassing both Muslims and Jews. She exercised power over the Jews of Morvedre, a community 20 kilometers north of Valencia, making policies that helped this community recover from turmoil. Morvedre had been the target of a number of violent attacks and massacres. In November 1348, troops from the Union of Valencia inv...
Economic policy
When Martin joined María in May 1397, she stepped down from her position as lieutenant of Aragon, but she continued to play an active role in her position as queen consort. In 1402, she sought to end the exploitation of the remença, the rural Catalonian peasantry by their aristocratic overlords, decrying such practices as "bad habits" (malos usos). María de Luna unsuccessfully sought the support of Pope Benedict XIII in this matter.
In the 1390s, the Franciscan theologian Francesc Eiximenis adapted his previous work, the Llibre de les dones, for Maria de Luna, and composed for her the Scala Dei ("Ladder of God"), a devotional text accompanied by a set of prayers written in Catalan (with some notes in Latin) and presented to her shortly after she became queen. Eiximenis did not...
Maria and Martin had four children; three of them died in childhood: 1. Martin I of Sicily 2. James (b. 1378) 3. John (b. 1380) 4. Margaret (b. 1384/1388)
Garcia Marsilla, J. (2018). Food in the accounts of a travelling lady: Maria de Luna, queen of Aragon, in 1403. Journal of Medieval History, 44 (5), 569–594.Meyerson, Mark. "Defending their Jewish Subjects: Elinor of Sicily, Maria de Luna, and the Jews of Morvedre". Queenship and Political Power in Medieval and Modern Europe. Ed. Theresa Earenfight. Bu...Planas, Josefina. "La Paz de las Plegarias." e-Spania Revue interdisciplinaire d’études hispaniques médiévales et modernes.Silleras-Fernández, Núria. Fit for a Queen: The Scala Dei, Franciscan Queenship, and Maria de Luna (Barcelona, c. 1396—1410). (2015). In Chariots of Ladies: Francesc Eiximenis and the Court of Cult...María de Luna. Condesa de Luna (II), en la Corona de Aragón (primer linaje). ?, 1356 – Villarreal (Castellón), 29.XII.1406. Reina de Aragón, Valencia, Mallorca, condesa de Barcelona. Primera esposa de Martín I el Humano.
Desarrollo. Hija del conde Lope de Luna, contrajo matrimonio con quien después será Martín I . Cuando falleció el monarca Juan I, Martín estaba en Sicilia por lo que María decidió convocar cortes y adoptar algunas soluciones para mantener el orden . Gracias a la colaboración de los consellers de Barcelona , el conde de Urgel y la cortes ...
Maria de Luna. Escut de Maria de Luna al monestir de Poblet. Maria de Luna (?, 1357 - Vila-real, Plana Baixa, 28 de desembre de 1406) [1] fou reina consort de la Corona d'Aragó ( 1396 - 1406 ), comtessa d'Empúries, comtessa de Luna i senyora de Sogorb ( 1402 - 1406 ). Biografia.
