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Folk music is a music genre that includes traditional folk music and the contemporary genre that evolved from the former during the 20th-century folk revival. Some types of folk music may be called world music.
- Overview
- The concept of folk music
folk music, type of traditional and generally rural music that originally was passed down through families and other small social groups. Typically, folk music, like folk literature, lives in oral tradition; it is learned through hearing rather than reading. It is functional in the sense that it is associated with other activities, and it is primar...
The term folk music and its equivalents in other languages denote many different kinds of music; the meaning of the term varies according to the part of the world, social class, and period of history. In determining whether a song or piece of music is folk music, most performers, participants, and enthusiasts would probably agree on certain criteria derived from patterns of transmission, social function, origins, and performance.
The central traditions of folk music are transmitted orally or aurally, that is, they are learned through hearing rather than the reading of words or music, ordinarily in informal, small social networks of relatives or friends rather than in institutions such as school or church. In the 20th century, transmission through recordings and mass media began to replace much of the face-to-face learning. In comparison with art music, which brings aesthetic enjoyment, and popular music, which (often along with social dancing) functions as entertainment, folk music is more often associated with other activities, such as calendric or life-cycle rituals, work, games, enculturation, and folk religion; folk music is also more likely to be participatory than presentational.
The concept applies to cultures in which there is also an urban, technically more sophisticated musical tradition maintained by and for a smaller social, economic, and intellectual elite in cities, courts, or urbanized cultures. Generally, “folk music” refers to music that broad segments of the population—particularly the lower socioeconomic classes—understand, and with which they identify. In this respect it is the rural counterpart to urban popular music, although that music depends mainly on the mass media—recordings, radio, television, and to some degree the Internet—for dissemination.
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Traditionally, folk music performers were amateurs, and some folk songs were literally known to all members of a community; but specialists—instrumentalists and singers of narratives—were important to folk communities. In the 20th century, the role of professionals as performers and carriers of folk traditions expanded dramatically. Folk music as it is believed to have existed in earlier times may be discussed separately from periods of revival such as that of 19th-century European nationalism and the 20th-century revivals, shortly before and after World War II, that were motivated by political agendas. In the context of popular music, performances of “folk music” may be distinguished by the use of songs with political agendas and the use of traditional instruments and acoustic guitars. On the other side of the musical spectrum, lines between folk music and art music were blurred beginning in the 19th century, when art music composers introduced songs from folklore into urban musical culture.
Each country has their own folk music, but the genre usually refers to American and British music that has been passed through the generations by oral tradition. It's simple, acoustic-based music that spins everyday events and common people into mythic status.
Artigo sobre o Folk Music, ou música folclórica, quais as suas origens, principais cantores e bandas, características desse genero musical, entre outras informações sobre Folk Music.
- Hurt — Johnny Cash. Um dos maiores nomes da música mundial, Johnny Cash bebeu muito da fonte do folk e construiu inúmeras músicas que contribuíram para o sucesso do estilo.
- Riptide — Vance Joy. Definitivamente um novo nome da música folk, Vance Joy conseguiu construir uma bela canção com muitos elementos do estilo. Riptide foi um estouro quando lançada e até hoje tem seu espaço cativo no coraçãozinho de quem gosta do folk atual.
- Hallelujah — Leonard Cohen. Um grande nome do estilo folk, Leonard Cohen é dono de não só um hino do estilo como um hino do mundo da música. Hallelujah já foi considerada por muitos uma das melhores canções de todos os tempos e, sem dúvidas, as características folk dela contribuem para esse sucesso atemporal.
- Father And Son — Cat Stevens. Cat Stevens não é só um nome clássico no mundo a música, também é um dos grandes precursores do revival do folk na metade do século 20.
Typical genres include polyphonic folk song settings and folk song quodlibets, or combinations of familiar songs. Folk tunes were often used as structural and motivic raw material for motets and masses; likewise, the music of the Protestant Reformation borrowed from folk music.
Western cultures generally share the same genres of folk music. One of the most important is the ballad, generally a short narrative song with repeated lines. Epics are longer narratives in heroic style, which sometimes require many hours to sing.
