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Taiwanese Mandarin, frequently referred to as Guoyu (Chinese: 國語; pinyin: Guóyǔ; lit. 'National language') or Huayu (華語; Huáyǔ; 'Mandarin language'), is the variety of Mandarin Chinese spoken in Taiwan.
- Mandarin Chinese
While the spoken standard of Taiwanese Mandarin is nearly...
- Languages of Taiwan
Bilingual Taiwanese speakers may code-switch between...
- Taiwanese Hokkien
Taiwanese Hokkien (/ ˈ h ɒ k i ɛ n / HOK-ee-en, US also / ˈ...
- Taiwan
Although Mandarin is the language of instruction in schools...
- Mandarin Chinese
Mandarim taiwanês ou língua nacional da República da China é a variante do chinês falado em Taiwan. É baseado na fonologia do dialeto de pequim. O mandarim taiwanês é quase igual ao mandarim falado na China, nomeado Mandarim Padrão, sendo a única diferença o sistema de escrita.
While the spoken standard of Taiwanese Mandarin is nearly identical to that of mainland China, the colloquial form has been heavily influenced by other local languages, especially Taiwanese Hokkien. Notable differences include: the merger of retroflex sounds (zh, ch, sh, r) with the alveolar series (z, c, s), frequent mergers of the ...
- Indigenous Languages
- Sinitic Languages
- Written and Sign Languages
- Other Languages
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The Taiwanese indigenous languages or Formosan languages are the languages of the Taiwanese indigenous peoples. Taiwanese aborigines currently comprise about 2.3% of the island's population. However, far fewer can still speak their ancestral language after centuries of language shift. It is common for young and middle-aged Hakka and aboriginal peop...
Taiwanese Mandarin
Mandarin is commonly known and officially referred to as the national language (國語; Guóyǔ) in Taiwan. In 1945, following the end of World War II, Mandarin was introduced as the de facto official language and made compulsory in schools. Before 1945, Japanese was the official language and taught in schools. Since then, Mandarin has been established as a lingua franca among the various groups in Taiwan: the majority Taiwanese-speaking Hoklo (Hokkien), the Hakka who have their own spoken language...
Taiwanese Hokkien
Commonly known as Taiwanese (臺語, Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-gí) and officially referred as Taiwanese Hokkien (臺灣閩南語; Tâi-oân Bân-lâm-gú); Taiwanese Hokkien is the most-spoken native language in Taiwan, spoken by about 70% of the population. Linguistically, it is a subgroup of Southern Min languages variety originating in southern Fujian province and is spoken by many overseas Chinese throughout Southeast Asia. There are both colloquial and literary registers of Taiwanese. Colloquial Taiwanese has roots...
Taiwanese Hakka
Hakka (客家語; Hak-kâ-ngî) is mainly spoken in Taiwan by people who have Hakka ancestry. These people are concentrated in several places throughout Taiwan. The majority of Hakka Taiwanese reside in Taoyuan, Hsinchu and Miaoli. Varieties of Taiwanese Hakka were officially recognized as national languages. Currently the Hakka language in Taiwan is maintained by the Hakka Affairs Council. This governmental agency also runs Hakka TV and Hakka Radio stations. The government currently recognizes and m...
Chinese characters
Traditional Chinese characters are widely used in Taiwan to write Sinitic languages including Mandarin, Taiwanese Hokkien, Hakka and Cantonese. The Ministry of Education maintains standards of writing for these languages, publications including the Standard Form of National Charactersand the recommended characters for Taiwanese Hokkien and Hakka. Written vernacular Chinese is the standard of written Chinese used in official documents, general literature and most aspects of everyday life, and...
Latin alphabet and romanization
Latin alphabet is native to Formosan languages and partially native to Taiwanese Hokkien and Hakka. With the early influences of European missionaries, writing systems such as Sinckan Manuscripts, Pe̍h-ōe-jī, and Pha̍k-fa-sṳ were based on in Latin alphabet. Currently, the official writing systems of Formosan languages are solely based on Latin and maintained by the Council of Indigenous Peoples. The Ministry of Education also maintains Latin-based systems Taiwanese Romanization System for Tai...
Phonetic symbols
Zhuyin Fuhao, often abbreviated as Zhuyin, or known as Bopomofo after its first four letters, is the phonetic system of Taiwan for teaching the pronunciation of Chinese characters, especially in Mandarin. Mandarin uses 37 symbols to represent its sounds: 21 consonants and 16 rimes. Taiwanese Hokkien uses 45 symbols to represent its sounds: 21 consonants and 24 rimes. There is also a system created for Hakkalanguage. These phonetic symbols sometimes appear as ruby characters printed next to th...
Japanese
The Japanese language was compulsorily taught while Taiwan was under Japanese rule (1895 to 1945). By 1943, over 80% of the Taiwanese population at the time were speakers of Japanese. Taiwanese Americans and others in the Taiwanese diaspora may have older relatives or grandparents who learned Japanese and also spoke it as the lingua franca during their youth. Many famous Taiwanese figures, including former Taiwanese President, Lee Teng-hui, and the founder of Nissin and inventor of instant ra...
South-East Asian languages
A significant number of immigrants and spouses in Taiwan are from South-East Asia. 1. Indonesian: Indonesian is the most widely spoken language among the approximately 140,000 Indonesians in Taiwan. 2. Javanese: Javanese is also spoken by Javanese peoplefrom Indonesia who are in Taiwan. 3. Tagalog: Tagalog (Filipino) is also widely spoken by Filipinos by the approximately 108,520 Filipinos in Taiwan. 4. Vietnamese: There are somewhere around 200,000 Vietnamese in Taiwan, many of whom speak Vi...
European languages
1. Dutch: Dutch was taught to the residents of the island during the Dutch colonial rule of Taiwan (1624–1662) under the Dutch East India Company, as evidenced in the Sinckan Manuscripts. After the withdrawal of Dutch presence in Taiwan, the use of the language disappeared. 2. Spanish: Spanish was mainly spoken by Spaniards (from Spanish Philippines), including Spanish friar missionaries, and the native Taiwanese they Christianized in the northern part of the island during the establishment o...
Although Mandarin is the language of instruction in schools and dominates television and radio, non-Mandarin Chinese varieties have undergone a revival in public life in Taiwan, particularly since restrictions on their use were lifted in the 1990s.
Taiwan Organização das Nações Unidas: Região: Leste Asiático: Total de falantes: Cerca de 921.5 milhões de falantes nativos, e mais de 198.7 milhões como segunda língua, no total 1.120 bilhão de falantes: Posição: 1 Família: Sino-tibetana Chinês Mandarim: Estatuto oficial; Língua oficial de:
In Taiwan, Guoyu is the colloquial term for Standard Chinese. In 2017 and 2018, the Taiwanese government introduced two laws explicitly recognizing the indigenous Formosan languages and Hakka as "Languages of the nation" (國家語言) alongside Standard Chinese.
