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Winslow Homer (February 24, 1836 – September 29, 1910) was an American landscape painter and illustrator, best known for his marine subjects. He is considered one of the foremost painters of 19th-century America and a preeminent figure in American art in general.
Conheça a vida e a obra de Winslow Homer, um dos maiores pintores e gravuristas dos Estados Unidos. Veja suas pinturas a óleo, aquarelas e ilustrações sobre temas como a Guerra Civil, a natureza e o mar.
- American
- Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Overview
- Early life and work
- Adoption of watercolour and artistic development
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Winslow Homer, (born February 24, 1836, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.—died September 29, 1910, Prouts Neck, Maine), American painter whose works, particularly those on marine subjects, are among the most powerful and expressive of late 19th-century American art. His mastery of sketching and watercolour lends to his oil paintings the invigorating spon...
Homer was born into an old New England family. When he was six, the family moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts, then a rural village, where he enjoyed a happy country childhood. His artistic inclinations were encouraged by his mother, an amateur painter. When he was 19, he was apprenticed to the lithographic firm of John Bufford in Boston. At first most of his work involved copying the designs of other artists, but within a few years he was submitting his own drawings for publication in such periodicals as Ballou’s Pictorial and Harper’s Weekly. In 1859 Homer moved from Boston to New York City to begin a career as a freelance illustrator. The following year he exhibited his first paintings at the National Academy of Design, New York.
With the outbreak of the American Civil War, Homer made drawings at the front for Harper’s, but, unlike most artist-correspondents, he dealt more often with views of everyday camp life than with scenes of battle. As the war dragged on, he concentrated increasingly on painting. In 1865 he was elected to the National Academy of Design. Admirably capturing the dominant national mood of reconciliation, his Prisoners from the Front (1866) was warmly received when exhibited at the academy shortly after the war ended.
Although Homer’s studio was in New York City, the city was rarely his theme. During the warm months he traveled to Pennsylvania, the Hudson River valley, and New England, camping, hunting, fishing, and sketching. In 1866 he went to France for about a year. Although influenced by French naturalism, Japanese prints, and contemporary fashion illustration, his work after his return to America did not change markedly, except that his palette was generally somewhat brighter. Such early pictures as Long Branch, New Jersey (1869) and Snap the Whip (1872) depict happy scenes, the former of fashionable ladies promenading along the seashore and the latter of children frolicking in a meadow after school. In a few early pictures a disquieting note of human isolation is struck, premonitory of Homer’s later, more-powerful work.
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In 1873 Homer began to work in watercolour, which allowed him to make rapid, fresh observations of nature. In that demanding medium, he explored and resolved new artistic problems, and his oil paintings of the next few years, such as Breezing Up (A Fair Wind) (1873–76), reflect the invigorating effect of watercolour.
Homer matured slowly as an artist, but his development was constant. With the passage of years his oil paintings became larger, his figures more solitary, his concern for naturalistic detail greater. He painted many women, increasingly as single figures, intimate, withdrawn, feminine. From the late 1870s Homer began to devote his summers exclusively to direct painting from nature in watercolour. Greater concern for atmospheric effects and reflected light added complexity to the images but at the same time enabled him to achieve greater pictorial unity.
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Learn about Winslow Homer, an American painter of marine and rural scenes, who mastered sketching, watercolour, and oil painting. Explore his life, style, and themes, from the Civil War to his isolation in England.
- Jules David Prown
Winslow Homer (1836–1910) is regarded by many as the greatest American painter of the nineteenth century. Born in Boston and raised in rural Cambridge, he began his career as a commercial printmaker, first in Boston and then in New York, where he settled in 1859.
Explore the life and work of Winslow Homer, a 19th-century American artist who excelled in illustration, oil painting, and watercolor. See his depictions of Civil War, rural and coastal scenes, and his distinctive style and themes.
Conheça a vida e a obra de Winslow Homer, um dos maiores pintores e gravuristas dos Estados Unidos. Saiba como ele retratou a natureza, a guerra, a vida rural e marítima, e como ele se tornou um artista independente e original.
A painting that depicts a Black man facing a storm at sea, with sharks and a waterspout, and sugarcane on the deck. Learn about the themes, context, and history of this epic work by the American artist Winslow Homer.
