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Sir Peter Henry Buck KCMG DSO (c. October 1877 – 1 December 1951), also known as Te Rangi Hīroa or Te Rangihīroa, was a New Zealand doctor and a prominent anthropologist who served many roles through his life.
His Māori descent was from Ngāti Mutunga, many of whom had recently returned to Taranaki from the Chatham Islands. In later life the name of Te Rangi Hīroa, Ngārongo's uncle and an earlier illustrious ancestor, was conferred on him by his elders; he used it as a pen-name.
Peter Buck (1877?–1951), also known as Te Rangi Hīroa, was of the Taranaki tribe Ngāti Mutunga. He was educated at Te Aute College and the University of Otago Medical School, where he qualified as a doctor. In 1905 he worked as a Māori medical officer, under another Te Aute graduate, Māui Pōmare.
This important publication was the first Māori Western scholarly account of the discovery and settlement of Polynesia in ancient times by seafarers so expert in navigation that Te Rangi Hīroa (Sir Peter Buck) described them as Vikings of the sunrise.
Te Rangihīroa signed the Cook Strait (Henry Williams) sheet of the Treaty of Waitangi on 4 June 1840 at Motungārara, a small island off the southern tip of Kāpiti Island. He was a rangatira (chief) of the Ngāti te Maunu and Ngāti Mutunga hapū (subtribes) of Ngāti Toa.
Te Rangi Hīroa was a New Zealand anthropologist, doctor, and politician. He became one of the world’s leading scholars on Polynesian cultures. (Polynesia is an area of the east-central Pacific Ocean.)
Te Rangi Hīroa (Sir Peter Buck, 1877–1951) led a busy and distinguished life — variously as an MP, leader of the Young Māori party, doctor, medical officer for Māori health, anthropologist and director of the Bishop Museum, Hawai’i. He was knighted in 1946 for services to science and literature.
