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Há 21 horas · Abstract This paper provides a general introduction to the use of causal models in the metaphysics of causation, specifically structural equation models and directed acyclic graphs.
Há 4 dias · The Black-Scholes-Merton model, sometimes just called the Black-Scholes model, is a mathematical model of financial derivative markets from which the Black-Scholes formula can be derived. This formula estimates the prices of call and put options.
Há 21 horas · Then, utilizing the same logic analysis, we can conclude that X will produce the same outcome at any position in \({P}^{(1)}\). \(\square \) Appendix J Proof of Property 6 Proof. The proof logic for this property is very similar to the proof of Property 5.
Há 5 dias · You’ll explore concepts like dominance, mixed strategies, utility theory, Nash equilibria, and n-person games, and learn how to use tools from probability and linear algebra to analyze and develop successful game strategies.
Há 1 dia · Propositional logic, also known as propositional calculus or sentential logic, forms the foundation of logical reasoning in artificial intelligence (AI). It is a branch of logic that deals with propositions, which can either be true or false. In AI, propositional logic is essential for knowledge representation, reasoning, and decision-making ...
Há 1 dia · Philosophy of science is the branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science. Amongst its central questions are the difference between science and non-science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ultimate purpose and meaning of science as a human endeavour. Philosophy of science focuses on metaphysical, epistemic and semantic aspects of ...
Há 1 dia · Statistics and Probability Theory. The research in the section covers topics ranging from probability theory and mathematical statistics to applied statistics. RESEARCH GROUPS. CORE FACULTY. DATA SCIENCE LABORATORY. STUDY PROGRAMME. GUESTS. CLOSED PROJECTS.
