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Second-language attrition. Second-language attrition is the decline of second-language skills, which occurs whenever the learner uses the second language to an insufficient degree ( de Bot & Weltens 1991:43) or due to environmental changes the language use is limited and another language is becoming the dominant one (Olshtain 1989: 151).
Wikipedia is a free multilingual open-source wiki-based online encyclopedia edited and maintained by a community of volunteer editors, started on 15 January 2001 as an English-language encyclopedia. Non-English editions were soon created: the German and Catalan editions were created on circa 16 March, [1] the French edition was created on 23 March, [2] and the Swedish edition was created on 23 ...
Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary. It is the primary means by which humans convey meaning, both in spoken and written forms, and may also be conveyed through sign languages. Human language is characterized by its cultural and historical diversity, with significant variations observed ...
Second language writing is the study of writing performed by non-native speakers/writers of a language as a second or foreign language. According to Oxford University, second language writing is the expression of one's actions and what one wants to say in writing in a language other than one's native language.
Teaching English as a second ( TESL) or foreign language ( TEFL) and teaching English to speakers of other languages ( TESOL) are terms that refer to teaching English to students whose first language is not English. The terms TEFL, TESL, and TESOL distinguish between a class's location and student population, [1] and have become problematic due ...
Second-language phonology. The phonology of second languages is different from the phonology of first languages in various ways. The differences are considered to come from general characteristics of second languages, such as slower speech rate, [1] lower proficiency than native speakers, and from the interaction between non-native speakers ...
The purpose of English as a Second Language Podcast is to teach English by using everyday phrases and expressions spoken at a slow rate of speech, followed by explanations of what these expressions mean and how to use them. [1] [2] Learners access the lessons for free on the website or via a piece of podcast/RSS feed software such as iTunes.
