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The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent.
The Indo-European languages include some 449 (SIL estimate, 2018 edition) languages spoken by about 3.5 billion people or more (roughly half of the world population). Most of the major languages belonging to language branches and groups in Europe, and western and southern Asia, belong to the Indo-European language family.
As línguas indo-europeias constituem uma família linguística (ou filo) composta por centenas de diversas línguas e dialetos, [nota 1] que inclui as principais línguas da Europa, Irã e do norte da Índia, além dos idiomas predominantes historicamente na Anatólia e na Ásia Central. [1]
Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family. No direct record of Proto-Indo-European exists; its proposed features have been derived by linguistic reconstruction from documented Indo-European languages.
The western Indo-European languages (Germanic, Celtic, Italic) probably spread into Europe from the Balkan-Danubian complex, a set of cultures in Southeastern Europe.
The following is a table of many of the most fundamental Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) words and roots, with their cognates in all of the major families of descendants.
Na atualidade as línguas indo-europeias são as línguas mais faladas do mundo, sendo que das onze línguas com maior número de falantes, oito são indo-europeias: espanhol, inglês, hindi, português, bengali, russo, punjabi e alemão.
