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16 de fev. de 2024 · The chart shows how some sounds from proto-Indo-European shifted in Germanic languages, such as English, while remaining the same in non-Germanic languages, such as French. Today, linguists are in broad agreement on the basics of Indo-European language groupings and how they are related to one another.
Very interesting to look at it this way. One thing that bothers me though is the lack of separation between the European and Indo-Iranian branches. The Indic and Iranian languages share a common ancestor and are more closely related to each other than to any of the other branches, and various other European branches share common ancestors as well.
The study of Indo-European began in 1786 with Sir William Jones’s proposal that Greek, Latin, Sanskrit, Germanic, and Celtic were all derived from a “common source.”. In the 19th century linguists added other languages to the Indo-European family, and scholars such as Rasmus Rask established a system of sound correspondences.
Germanic: English, German, Dutch, Flemish, Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Icelandic. 4. Celtic: Irish, Gaelic, Manx; Welsh, Cornish, Breton. These four branches or subfamilies developed, over many centuries, from four prehistoric proto-languages, which themselves had evolved from the common Indo-European tongue. There has often been contact among ...
This chapter was written in connection with the research projects Connecting the dots: Reconfiguring the Indo-European family tree (2019–23), financed by the Independent Research Fund Denmark (project number 9037-00086B), and LAMP: Languages and myths of prehistory (2020–5), financed by Riksbankens Jubileumsfond.
There are over 250 languages indigenous to Europe, and most belong to the Indo-European language family. [1] [2] Out of a total European population of 744 million as of 2018, some 94% are native speakers of an Indo-European language. The three largest phyla of the Indo-European language family in Europe are Romance, Germanic, and Slavic; they ...
COLE TCH, SIEBERT-COLE E (2020) FAMILY TREE of LANGUAGES PART I: Indo-European • a selection of 53 Indo-European languages • hypothetical tree from phylolinguistic analyses (chiefly following Rama 2016 and Garrett 2018, adapted) • updated regularly
