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Old Saxon (or Old Low German) probably evolved primarily from Ingvaeonic dialects in the West Germanic branch of Proto-Germanic in the 5th century. However, Old Saxon, even considered as an Ingvaeonic language, is not a pure Ingvaeonic dialect like Old Frisian and Old English, the latter two sharing some other Ingvaeonic characteristics, which ...
3: Swabian German. 4: Low Alemannic. 5: High and Highest Alemannic. Bavarian : 6: Northern Bavarian. 7: Central Bavarian. 8: Southern Bavarian. Upper German ( German: Oberdeutsch [ˈoːbɐdɔʏtʃ] ⓘ) is a family of High German dialects spoken primarily in the southern German-speaking area ( Sprachraum ).
20 de nov. de 2023 · German ( Standard High German: Deutsch, pronounced [ dɔʏ̯t͡ʃ] ⓘ ) [10] is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western and Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italian province of South Tyrol.
The High German consonant shift is a good example of a chain shift, as was its predecessor, the first Germanic consonant shift. For example, phases 1 and 2 left the language without a /t/ phoneme, as this had shifted to /s/ or / t͡s /. Phase 3 filled this gap ( /d/ > /t/ ), but left a new gap at /d/, which phase 4 then filled ( /θ/ > /d/ ).
Within Europe, the three most prevalent West Germanic languages are English, German, and Dutch. Frisian, spoken by about 450,000 people, constitutes a fourth distinct variety of West Germanic. The language family also includes Afrikaans, Yiddish, Low Saxon, Luxembourgish, and Scots. Additionally, several creoles, patois, and pidgins are based ...
East Franconian is one of the German dialects with the highest number of speakers. The scope of East Franconian is disputed, because it overlaps with neighbouring dialects like Bavarian and Swabian in the south, Rhine Franconian in the west and Upper Saxon in the north. East Franconian is researched by the "Fränkisches Wörterbuch" project in ...
South Low Franconian occupies a special position among the Low Franconian subgroups, since it shares several linguistic features with Ripuarian dialects spoken to the southeast, such as the conditioned split of the West Germanic diphthongs *ai and *au (e.g. in Roermonds *ai splits to /eː/ and /ɛi/, *au to /oː/ and /ɔu/), which apart from Ripuraian is also found in all other High German ...
