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Calcutá. Coordenadas: 22° 34' 22" N 88° 21' 50" E. O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Calcutá. Calcutá[ 2][ 3] ou Kolkata (em bengali: কলকাতা; Kólkata, AFI ['kolkat̪a]}}; em inglês: Kolkata) é a capital e maior cidade do estado de Bengala Ocidental, na Índia.
Kolkata, also known as Calcutta (its official name until 2001), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of West Bengal. It lies on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River, 80 km (50 mi) west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary financial and commercial centre of eastern and northeastern India.
- Before The British
- Establishment of English Trade in Bengal
- Origins
- British India
- Social and Intellectual Life in The 18th Century
- Contribution to The Independence Movement of India
- After Independence
- See Also
From the 14th to 16th centuries, Kolkata was under the rule of the Bengal Sultanate. It was conquered by the Mughal Empire and incorporated into the Bengal Subah in 1576 following the Mughal invasion of Bengal.
There is a long chain of events behind the arrival of the East India Company in Bengal, specifically Job Charnock in Sutanuti in 1690. These incidents are documented in numerous records of the East India Companyand by several authors [Bruce 1810 (Vol I and II), Marshman Vol I, Unknown 1829; see references below]. These documents tell the story of h...
Name
The rent-roll of Akbar, the 16th century Mughal emperor, and the work of a Bengali poet, Bipradas Pipilai, of the late 15th century, both make mention of the area's early name's being Kolikata, from which Kolkata/Calcutta derive. There is much discussion about the origin of the city's name. The most accepted view is that it comes from the Hindu goddess Kali and the original name was KaliKshetra, "the place of Kali". Other theories include: 1. The name comes from the location of the original s...
Journey from British rule to independence
The three villages (Sutanuti, Gobindapur & Kalikata), particularly in Kalikata, where Calcutta is located, came into the possession of the British East India Company in 1690 and some scholars like to date its beginnings as a major city from the construction of Fort William by the British in 1698, though this is debated (see the court ruling in "Name and origins" above). From 1772 to 1911, Calcutta was the capital of British India. From 1912 to India's Independence in 1947, it was the capital...
The fall of Calcutta to Siraj ud-Daula
When the Seven Years' War broke out, owing to their constant rivalry with the French, and the fall of Madras to the forces of Dupleix, early in 1756 the British authorities in Calcutta began repairs to the fortifications of old Fort William, which were extremely decayed. This irritated the new Nawab of Bengal, Siraj Ud Daulah, who viewed it as a threat to his sovereignty. Enraged still further when the British granted asylum to one Krishnaballav, who had embezzled money from the dewani of Dha...
Churches
St. John's Church, originally a cathedral, was among the first public buildings erected by the East India Company after Kolkata became the effective capital of Company rule in India. It is located at the North-Western corner of Raj Bhavan, and served as the Anglican Cathedral of Calcutta till 1847, when the see was transferred to St. Paul's Cathedral. Construction of the building, modelled on St Martin-in-the-Fields of London, started in 1784, with Rs 30,000 raised through a public lottery, a...
18th century scandals
One of the most notorious incidents of the latter part of the century was the trial and execution of Nanda Kumar, who had been the governor of Hugging in 1756. In 1764 he had been appointed collector of Burdwan in place of Warren Hastings, which resulted in a long-standing enmity between the two men. In 1775, when Hastings was Governor-General, Nanda Kumar brought accusations of corruption against him, accusing him of accepting bribes and other abuses of power. These were taken up with enthus...
Opium trade
After the territorial conquest of Bengal in 1757, the British East India Company pursued a monopoly on production and export of opium from India. The company bought opium from local traders and later directly from farmers, and sold it at auction in Calcutta. From there much of it was smuggled to Canton in China by foreign traders, eventually leading to the First Opium War(1839–1842).
In 1772, Calcutta became the capital of British India, a decision made by Governor General Warren Hastings. On 29 January 1780, Hickey's Bengal Gazette or the Calcutta General Advertiser became the first newspaper to be printed in India, and is an invaluable chronicle of the social life of Anglo-Indian society in Calcutta. Contemporary memoirs such...
Historically, Calcutta was the centre of activity in the early stages of the national movement of independence. Exactly a hundred years after the fall of Bengal in the Battle of Plassey, Calcutta saw the beginning of what is often called the First Independence Movement of India. It is also just as often as not referred to as a War of Independence, ...
The intense violence caused during the partition of India led to a shift in demographics in Bengal, and especially Kolkata; large numbers of Muslims left for East Pakistan, while hundreds of thousands of Hindus arrived to take their place.Kolkata received millions of refugees from what became East Pakistan without receiving substantial assistance f...
Calcutta, pseudonimo di Edoardo D'Erme, è un cantautore italiano. Dopo il primo album indipendente Forse..., Calcutta firma un contratto con l'etichetta Bomba Dischi, pubblicando il secondo album in studio Mainstream e il terzo Evergreen, che diviene il primo del cantante a esordire alla prima posizione della Top FIMI Album. Nel ...
Há 1 dia · Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), city, capital of West Bengal state, and former capital (1772–1911) of British India. It is one of India’s largest cities and one of its major ports. The city is centered on the east bank of the Hugli River, about 96 miles upstream from the head of the Bay of Bengal.
Kolkata (spelled Calcutta before 1 January 2001) is the capital city of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the second largest city in India after Mumbai. It is on the east bank of the River Hooghly. When it is called Calcutta, it includes the suburbs. This makes it the third largest city of India.
Biografia. Casa memorial de Madre Teresa na Macedônia do Norte. Madre Teresa de Calcutá nasceu em 26 de agosto de 1910, em Üsküp, então capital do vilaiete do Kosovo, subdivisão do Império Otomano. Tinha pais de etnia albanesa, numa família de três filhos, sendo duas moças e um rapaz. Seus pais eram Nikollë Bojaxhiu e Dranafile Bernai.
