Resultado da Busca
Das Wappen Transnistriens stellt eine umgestaltete Version des Wappens der ehemaligen Moldauischen Sozialistischen Sowjetrepublik dar, das nach der Auflösung der Sowjetunion 1991 durch die international anerkannte moldauische Regierung ersetzt wurde.
- Transnistrien – Wikipedia
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- Kategorie:Nationales Symbol (Transnistrien) – Wikipedia
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- Transnistrien – Wikipedia
Transnistria, officially known as the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic ( PMR ), [c] is a breakaway state internationally recognized as part of Moldova. Transnistria controls most of the narrow strip of land between the Dniester river and the Moldova–Ukraine border, as well as some land on the other side of the river's bank.
- Before 1792
- Russian Empire
- 1917–1924
- Soviet Era
- War of Transnistria
- The Deadlock
- See Also
- References
- External Links
Antiquity
In ancient history, the area was inhabited by Thracian and Scythian tribes. Pliny the Elder names the Tyragetae, a Getae tribe living on an island of the Dniester(ancient name "Tyras"), the Axiacae living along the Tiligul River (ancient "Axiaces") and the Crobyzi, a Thracian tribe living beyond the Dniester. At the mouth of the river, the Ancient Greeks of Miletus founded around 600 BC a colony named Tyras, which was located outside present-day Transnistria. It fell under the dominion of nat...
Wallachian and Slavic settlement
Transnistria was an early crossroads of people and cultures, including the South Slavs, who reached it in the 6th century. Some East Slavic tribes (Ulichs and Tivertsy) may have lived in it, but they were pushed further north by Turkic nomads such as Pechenegs and the Cumans. In the 10th century, the "Volohove" (Vlachs, i.e. Romanians) are mentioned in the area in the Primary Chronicle. Indeed, some academics believe that on the coast between the Dniester and Danube rivers there was a romance...
From Kievan Rus' to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Transnistria was inhabited mainly by the Cumans and wars against them may have brought the territory under the control of the Kievan Rus' at times around the 11th century. It became a formal part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 15th century. While most of today's Moldova came into the Ottoman orbit at this time, much of Transnistria remained a part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until the Second Partition of Poland in 1793 as part of Bratslav Voivodeship, save for short periods...
In 1792, the southern part of Transnistria was ceded by Ottoman Empire to the Russian Empire whereas northern part (north of the Iagorlîc River) was annexed in 1793 in Second Partition of Poland. At that time, the population was sparse and the Russian Empire encouraged large migrations into the region, including people of Ukrainian, Romanian, Polis...
During World War I, representatives of the Romanian speakers beyond the Dniester (who numbered 173,982 in the 1897 census) participated in the Bessarabian national movement in 1917/1918, asking for the incorporation of their territory in Greater Romania. Nevertheless, Romania ignored their request, as it would have required a large-scale military i...
Moldavian Autonomous Republic in Soviet Ukraine
The geopolitical concept of an autonomous Communist Transnistrian region was born in 1924, when Bessarabian military leader Grigore Kotovski proposed the founding under the auspices of Moscow of the Moldavian Autonomous Oblastthat months later became the Moldavian ASSR of Ukrainian SSR. In 1927 there was a massive uprising of peasants and factory workers in Tiraspol and other cities (Mohyliv-Podilskyi, Kamianets-Podilskyi) of southern Ukrainian SSR against Soviet authorities. Troops from Mosc...
World War II
The Moldavian SSR, which was set up by a decision of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on 2 August 1940, was formed from a part of Bessarabia taken from Romania on June 28, following the Molotov–Ribbentrop pact, where the majority of the population were Romanian speakers, and a strip of land on the left bank of the Dniester in the Ukrainian SSR, which was transferred to it in 1940 (the strip being roughly equivalent to the territory of today's Transnistria). In 1941, after Axis forces invaded Be...
Moldavian SSR
The Moldavian SSR became the subject of a systematic policy of Russification. Cyrillic was made the official script for Moldavian. It had an official status in the republic, together with Russian, which was the language of "interethnic communication". Most industry that was built in the Moldavian SSR was concentrated in Transnistria, while the rest of Moldavia had a predominantly agricultural economy. In 1990, Transnistria accounted for 40% of Moldavia's GDP and 90% of its electricity product...
On 2 September 1990, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic was unilaterally proclaimed as a Soviet Republic separate from Moldova by the "Second Congress of the Peoples' Representatives of Pridnestrovie". However, on 22 December, the Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev signed a decree "regarding the measures that would bring the sit...
Aftermath of the war
Despite the ceasefire agreement, Russia had continued to provide military, political and economic support to the PMR, thus enabling it not only to survive but to strengthen itself and acquire a certain amount of autonomy from Moldova. General Aleksandr Lebed, the commander of the Russian Operational Group (the former Russian 14th Army) since June 1992, who acted as a Transnistrian politician, said many times that his army was able to reach Bucharest in two hours.[citation needed] In the secur...
1997 Moscow memorandum on the "common state"
On 8 May 1997 – with the mediation of the Russian Federation, Ukraine and the OSCE Mission in Moldova – the Moldovan President Petru Lucinschi and the Transniestrian President Igor Smirnov, signed, in Moscow, the "Memorandum on the principles of normalizations of the relations between the Republic of Moldova and Transdniestria" also known as the 1997 Moscow memorandum or the Primakov memorandum.[citation needed] In compliance with the final clause of the memorandum, the relations between the...
The Kozak Memorandum
In July 2002, OSCE, Russian, and Ukrainian mediators approved a document setting forth a blueprint for reuniting Moldova under a federal system. However, the fundamental disagreements over the division of powers remained, which rendered the settlement elusive. In mid-November 2003, Russia unexpectedly provided a much more detailed memorandum proposing a united asymmetric federal Moldavian state with an attached key proposal to locate a Russian military base on Moldavian soil for the next 20 y...
Anne Applebaum (October 1994). Between East and West: Across the Borderlands of Europe. Pantheon Books. ISBN 0-679-42150-5. see Chapter 4Alina Mungiu-Pippidi, Ivan Krastev (January 2004). Nationalism After Communism: Lessons Learned. ISBN 963-9241-76-8.Aurel V. Sava (1942). Documente moldoveneşti privitoare la românii de peste Nistru (1574–1829).Dallin, Alexander. Odessa, 1941–1944: A Case Study of Soviet Territory Under Foreign Rule. Iasi-Oxford-Portland: Center for Romanian Studies. Oxford, 1998 ISBN 973-98391-1-8Pridnestrovie.net history section Archived 2007-01-03 at the Wayback Machine(Official Transnistrian site)The following 29 files are in this category, out of 29 total. Billboard Commemorating 1990-2017 Independence - Tiraspol - Transnistria (36032671973).jpg 3,648 × 2,736; 3.44 MB. Calle Tiraspol.jpg 2,272 × 1,704; 911 KB. Coat of arms of Pridnestrovie (variant).png 2,364 × 2,554; 1.22 MB. Coat of arms of Transnistria (variant).svg 549 × 602 ...
30 de nov. de 2022 · The separatist region of Transnistria or Trans-Dniester is a narrow strip of land between the Dniester river and the Ukrainian border. It proclaimed its independence from Moldova in 1990, and is...
