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The element sulfur exists as many allotropes. In number of allotropes, sulfur is second only to carbon. [1] . In addition to the allotropes, each allotrope often exists in polymorphs (different crystal structures of the same covalently bonded S n molecules) delineated by Greek prefixes (α, β, etc.). [2]
- Sulfur
Characteristics. Physical properties. As a solid, sulfur is...
- Sulfur
Allotropy or allotropism (from Ancient Greek ἄλλος (allos) 'other', and τρόπος (tropos) 'manner, form') is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of the elements.
Allotropes of sulfur. No other element forms more solid allotropes than sulfur. At present, about 30 well characterized sulfur allotropes are known of which the most common form found in nature is the greenish-yellow orthorhombic α-sulfur, containing puckered rings of S 8. α-sulfur.
Compared to other elements, sulfur has the most allotropes. While the S 8 ring is the most common allotrope, there are 6 other structures with up to 20 sulfur atoms per ring. Under appropriate conditions, sulfur vapor can contain \(S\), \(S_2\), \(S_4\), \(S_6\), and \(S_8\).
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- solid
- 32.07 grams per mole
- orthorhombic
Involvement of Intermediate Sulfur Species in Biological Reduction of Elemental Sulfur under Acidic, Hydrothermal Conditions. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2013 , 79 (6) , 2061-2068.
Demonstrates that the allotropic forms of sulfur have different physical properties. The allotropy of sulfur: A demonstration | Journal of Chemical Education ACS
