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蘇格蘭 （ 英語 、 低地蘇格蘭語 ：Scotland， / ˈskɒt.lənd / ），又稱為“ 阿尔巴 ” （ 蘇格蘭蓋爾語 ： Alba ， [ˈal̪ˠapə] （ ⓘ ） ）為 英國的構成國 之一 [8] [9] [10] ，位於 大不列顛島 北部， 英格兰 之北，被 大西洋 環繞包圍，東部濱臨 北海 ，西南濱 ...
The mainland of Scotland comprises the northern third of the land mass of the island of Great Britain, which lies off the northwest coast of Continental Europe. The total area is 30,977 square miles (80,231 km 2) with a land area of 30,078 square miles (77,901 km 2 ), [4] comparable to the size of the Czech Republic.
- Background
- Major Intellectual Areas
- Significance
- Key Figures
- See Also
- Further Reading
- External Links
Union with England in 1707 meant the end of the Scottish Parliament. The parliamentarians, politicians, aristocrats, and placemen moved to London. Scottish law remained entirely separate from English law, so the civil law courts, lawyers and jurists remained in Edinburgh. The headquarters and leadership of the Church of Scotland also remained, as d...
Empiricism and inductive reasoning
The first major philosopher of the Scottish Enlightenment was Francis Hutcheson (1694–1746), who was professor of moral philosophy at Glasgow from 1729 to 1746. He was an important link between the ideas of Shaftesbury and the later school of Scottish Common Sense Realism, developing Utilitarianism and Consequentialist thinking. Also influenced by Shaftesbury was George Turnbull(1698–1748), who was regent at Marischal College, Aberdeen, and who published pioneering work in the fields of Chris...
Literature
Major literary figures originating in Scotland in this period included James Boswell (1740–95), whose An Account of Corsica (1768) and The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides (1785) drew on his extensive travels and whose Life of Samuel Johnson (1791) is a major source on one of the English Enlightenment's major men of letters and his circle. Allan Ramsay (1686–1758) laid the foundations of a reawakening of interest in older Scottish literature, as well as leading the trend for pastoral poetry,...
Economics
Adam Smith developed and published The Wealth of Nations, the starting point of modern economics. This study, which had an immediate impact on British economic policy, still frames discussions on globalisation and tariffs. The book identified land, labour, and capital as the three factors of production and the major contributors to a nation's wealth, as distinct from the Physiocratic idea that only agriculture was productive. Smith discussed potential benefits of specialisation by division of...
Representative of the far-reaching impact of the Scottish Enlightenment was the new Encyclopædia Britannica, which was designed in Edinburgh by Colin Macfarquhar, Andrew Bell and others. It was first published in three volumes between 1768 and 1771, with 2,659 pages and 160 engravings, and quickly became a standard reference work in the English-spe...
Primary sources
1. Broadie, Alexander, ed. The Scottish Enlightenment: An Anthology (1998), primary sources. excerpt and text search
蘇格蘭人 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书. 目录. 蘇格蘭人 （ 低地蘇格蘭語 ：Scots Fowk， 蘇格蘭蓋爾語 ：Albannaich，英語： Scottish people ）是 蘇格蘭 本土的民族或族群。 從歷史上看，他們是兩族— 皮克特人 （一說認為皮克特人為 凱爾特人 一支）和 蓋爾人 的混合。 前者在西元9世紀創立蘇格蘭（ 阿爾巴 ）王國，並在民族語言上已經認同 凱爾特人 。 後來，附近也使用凱爾特語的 坎布里亞 英格蘭人，以及 日耳曼語族 的 盎格魯撒克遜人 、 維京人 ，皆被納入蘇格蘭民族。 現代使用“Scottish people”（蘇格蘭人）或“Scots”（蘇格蘭人）可用來指任何語言、文化、家庭祖先或遺傳起源是來自蘇格蘭的人。
The Church of Scotland ( Scots: The Kirk o Scotland; Scottish Gaelic: Eaglais na h-Alba) is a Presbyterian denomination of Christianity that holds the status of the national church in Scotland. It is one of the country's largest, having 259,200 members in 2023.
28 de mai. de 2024 · 蘇格蘭 （ 英語 、 低地蘇格蘭語 ：Scotland， / ˈskɒt.lənd / ），又稱為“ 阿尔巴 ” （ 蘇格蘭蓋爾語 ： Alba ， [ˈal̪ˠapə] （ ⓘ ） ）為 英國的構成國 之一 [8] [9] [10] ，位於 大不列顛島 北部， 英格兰 之北，被 大西洋 環繞包圍，東部濱臨 北海 ，西南濱 ...
A Wikipédia é um projeto de enciclopédia colaborativa, universal e multilíngue estabelecido na internet sob o princípio wiki. Tem como propósito fornecer um conteúdo livre, objetivo e verificável , que todos possam editar e melhorar. O projeto é definido pelos princípios fundadores e o conteúdo é disponibilizado sob a licença ...
