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Cleft means divided. In a cleft sentence, information which could be given in one clause is divided into two parts, each with its own verb. This way you give extra emphasis to part of the sentence It was Tom who didn’t want to come. Mike took Sally to the party on Saturday.
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- Cleft Sentences
- Inversion with Negative Adverbials
- Emphatic Auxiliaries
Cleft sentences allow us to emphasise different parts of the sentence, depending on which part is the most important. Cleft sentences are usually introduced by it or by a clause beginning with what.
We can also use inversion to add emphasis. It has a more formal, persuasive and impressive effect. To invert a sentence, we put the adverbial (e.g. never, rarely, not only, etc.) at the beginning and change the normal position of the subject and the auxiliary verb. If there is no auxiliary verb, we need to add one.
In spoken English, we often stress the auxiliary verb to add emphasis. If there is no auxiliary verb, we can use do, does or didto add emphasis. This works in both spoken and written English. In British English, docan also be used this way to make a command more emphatic. This sounds quite formal. Do this exercise to test your grammar again.
10A adding emphasis (2): cleft sentences. Click on the words in the correct order. Begin with the underlined word. What. I. missed. was.
Examples of Cleft Sentences. • “It is only to the individual that a soul is given.” ~Albert Einstein. • “It is curious that physical courage should be so common in the world and moral courage so rare.” ~Mark Twain.
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Cleft sentences are one way to add emphasis to what we want to say. The word "cleft" means divided or split. • A cleft sentence is a sentence in which some part is moved from its normal position into a different place to give it more emphasis. For example, instead of saying: Joe ate the cake.
Can recognise cleft sentences and explain how they are used to form the 'it' and 'wh-' clefts . Can effectively add emphasis to own speech by using cleft sentences.
What are cleft sentences? Cleft sentences are complex sentences that are used to emphasise one particular part of a sentence. They are particularly useful in writing where we cannot use intonation for emphasis, but they are also frequently used in speech.
