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The history of Tokyo, Japan 's capital prefecture and largest city, starts with archeological remains in the area dating back around 5,000 years. Tokyo's oldest temple is possibly Sensō-ji in Asakusa, founded in 628. The city's original name, Edo, first appears in the 12th century.
The city was renamed Tokyo, meaning “eastern capital.” Edo had been Japan’s largest city since the 17th century. Tokyo’s population exceeded one million in the late 19th century, and as Japan’s political, economic, and cultural centre it became one of the world’s most populous cities in the 20th century.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Learn about the 400-year history of Tokyo, from its origins as Edo, the center of feudal Japan, to its modern role as a global metropolis. Explore the major events, changes, and challenges that shaped Tokyo's development and culture.
Tokyo (/ ˈ t oʊ k i oʊ /; Japanese: 東京, Tōkyō, ⓘ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis (東京都, Tōkyō-to), is the capital city of Japan and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of over 14 million residents as of 2023.
- 2,194.07 km² (847.14 sq mi)
- 2,017 m (6,617 ft)
- Japan
- Kantō
- History of Edo / Tokyo 江戸 東京 歴史
- Overview of The History of Tokyo
- Tokyo Pre-History
- Tokyo in History
- Musashi History
- Edo History
- Ieyasu Tokugawa and Edo History
- Edo's Entry onto The National Stage in History
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Tokyohas been the capital of Japan since only 1868. Tokyo's previous incarnation, a town called Edo, grew from an obscure fishing village of the 15th century to become the biggest city in the world by the 18th century. Tokyo has been Japan's center of real political power since 1603 (when it became the seat of the military Shogun rulers) - long bef...
The oldest records of human habitation in what is now Tokyo are the shell mounds left by communities that were part of the Jomonculture, which is thought to have lasted from about 10,000BC to 300BC. Jomon means "cord-marked" and refers to the elaborate pottery left behind with its characteristic coiled cord print ornamentation. The first such mound...
The earliest historical roots of what we now call Tokyo can be traced to the mid 7th century, known in Japan as the Asuka period. The Asuka period dates from 645 when there was a palace revolution, and extended until the end of the succeeding Nara period (710-794). In the Asuka period, the imperial court imposed on Japan the ritsuryo system, i.e. a...
At the time of ritsuryo in Japan, the area occupied by present day Tokyo formed part of the province of Musashi known for its copper mines. (Musashi comprised the districts of Tama, Toshima, Ebara, Adachi, and Katsushika. Present day western Tokyo was part of Musashi's Tama district.) Fuchu, now a city in the west of the Tokyo metropolitan area bec...
Modern Tokyo has its direct roots in what began as the village of Edo in Musashi province. The first mention in historical records of Edo is in the Azuma Kagami, an official history from the Kamakura period written in about 1300. The name Edo is thought to date from the late Heian period (794-c.1189) or early Kamakura period (1185-1333) when Shiget...
Edo's next appearance in Japanese history was in 1590 when the mightiest warlord at the time, Hideyoshi Toyotomi, offered his then-ally and underling, Tokugawa Ieyasu, eight provinces in Kanto, including Musashi, that Hideyoshi had just wrested from the Hojo clan. He offered them to Ieyasu in return for Ieyasu's five provinces in Mikawa (present da...
Ieyasu Tokugawa eventually turned on his one-time ally, and defeated Hideyoshi's son, Hideyori Toyotomi, in 1600 at the Battle of Sekigahara. Ieyasu thus became Shogun, i.e. Japan's military overlord, in 1603, and Edo became the administrative center of Japan. The years from 1603 until the Tokugawa's downfall in 1868 are known in Japanese history a...
Learn about the history of Tokyo from prehistoric times to the present day, covering its political, economic, social, and natural developments. Explore the origins and evolution of Edo, the former name of Tokyo, and its role as Japan's capital and cultural center.
Learn how Tokyo evolved from a fishing village to a global city, passing through the feudal, isolationist and modern periods. Discover the major events, fires, earthquakes and transformations that shaped the capital of Japan.
Print. TOKYO’S HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY, AND POPULATION. History of Tokyo. The history of the city of Tokyo stretches back some 400 years. Originally named Edo, the city started to flourish after Tokugawa Ieyasu established the Tokugawa Shogunate here in 1603.
