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Sigismundo I (Kozienice, 1 de janeiro de 1467 – Cracóvia, 1 de abril de 1548), apelidado de "o Velho", foi o Rei da Polônia e Grão-Duque da Lituânia de 1506 até sua morte. Era filho do rei Casimiro IV sua esposa Isabel da Áustria. Biografia. Nascido em 1 de Janeiro de 1467, No Reino da Polônia, na cidade de Kozienice.
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Sigismundo II Augusto da Polônia, Nasceu na Polônia em 1 de...
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Sigismundo I da Polônia (1467-1548) — rei da Polônia;...
- Sigismundo II Augusto da Polônia – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia ...
Sigismundo I ( Kozienice, 1 de janeiro de 1467 – Cracóvia, 1 de abril de 1548 ), apelidado de "o Velho", foi o Rei da Polônia e Grão-Duque da Lituânia de 1506 até sua morte. Era filho do rei Casimiro IV sua esposa Isabel da Áustria.
- Early Life and Coronation
- Internal Politics
- Foreign Politics
- Renaissance and Legacy
- Death and Succession
- Portraits and Art
- Marriages and Issue
- See Also
- Citations and References
- External Links
The son of King Casimir IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth Habsburg of Austria, Sigismund followed his brothers John Albert and Alexander to the Polish throne. Their eldest brother Vladislaus became king of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia. Sigismund was christened as the namesake of his maternal great-grandfather, Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund. When Casimir d...
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
The internal situation in Poland was characterised by broad authorisation of the Chamber of Deputies, confirmed and extended in the constitution of Nihil novi. During Alexander's reign, the law of Nihil novi had been instituted, which forbade kings of Poland from enacting laws without the consent of the Sejm. Sigismund had little control over the act, unlike the senators, whom he personally appointed. Eventually, during his reign, Sigismund benefited from the advice of the local nobility, com...
Chicken War Rebellion
At the start of his reign, King Sigismund I the Old inherited a Kingdom of Poland with a century-long tradition of liberties of the nobility, confirmed in numerous privileges. A rebellion in Lwów widely known as the Chicken War (Polish: Wojna kokosza) was an anti-royalist and anti-absolutist rokosz (revolt) by the Polish nobility that occurred in 1537. The derisive name was coined by the magnates, who for the most part supported the King and claimed that the "war's" only effect was the near-e...
War with Moscow
Sigismund was intermittently at war with Vasili III of Muscovy beginning in 1507, before the Polish army was fully under his command. Further tensions escalated when Vasili also discovered that Sigismund was bribing Khan Meñli I Giray to attack the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In December 1512, Muscovite forces marched into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania seeking to capture Smolensk, a major trading center between Russia and Europe. The initial six- and four-week sieges in 1513 were a failure, but the...
Europe
In 1515 Sigismund entered into an alliance with the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I. In return for Maximilian lending weight to the provisions of the Second Peace of Thorn (1466), Sigismund consented to the marriage of the children of Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary, his brother, to the grandchildren of Maximilian. Through this double marriage contract, Bohemia and Hungary passed to the House of Habsburg in 1526, on the death of Sigismund's nephew, Louis II, who led his forces against Su...
Teutonic Knights
Over two centuries of wars against the Teutonic Knights ended in 1525 with the Treaty of Kraków after the final Polish–Teutonic War (1519–1521). Previously, the Second Peace of Thorn (1466) placed the Teutonic Order under Polish suzerainty and interfered with German interests in Livonia, Pomerania, Warmia and Masuria. The Order attempted to avoid paying tribute to Polish monarchs which was a demonstration of weakness and dependence. In accordance with the new Treaty of Kraków, the Order was a...
Sigismund had a profound interest in Renaissance humanism and the revival of classical antiquity. His second consort Bona Sforza, daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan, was also instrumental in developing the Polish Renaissanceand brought renowned Italian artists, architects and sculptors from her native country. It was under Sigismund's reign ...
Sigismund suffered from numerous illnesses and diseases, especially towards the end of his life. Most notably, he was tormented by constant fevers since youth as well as gout and acute rheumatism in the autumn of 1528. The condition, which severely affected his joints and right leg, was repetitive and continued in 1529 and 1534. It is likely that S...
Depictions of Sigismund I in art18th-century depiction by Marcello BacciarelliAs one of the Magi by Joos van Cleve, c.1520Portrait made by Andreas Jungholz, 1546In 1512, Sigismund married Barbara Zápolya(d. 1515), a Hungarian noblewoman, with whom he had two daughters: 1. Electress Hedwig of Brandenburg (15 March 1513 – 7 February 1573), wed 1535 Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg; 2. Anna (1 July 1515 – 8 May 1520). In 1517, Sigismund married Bona Sforza,with whom he had two sons and four daughters...
Cited sources
1. Mickūnaitė, Giedrė (2006). Making a Great Ruler: Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania. Central European University Press.209 2. Pastrnak, Patrik (2018). "Adducimus gemmam et florem: Bona Sforza's bridal journey (1518) in the light of rituals and ceremonies". Studia z Dziejów Średniowiecza. 22: 174–193. doi:10.4467/25442562SDS.18.012.9814. 3. Soloviev, Sergei M. (1976). Graham, Hugh F. (ed.). History of Russia. The Age of Vasily III. Vol. 9. Gulf Breeze: Academic International Press. ISBN 978-0...
Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Sigismund I." . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). pp. 67–68.O primeiro governante da Polônia confirmado por fontes contemporâneas foi Miecislau I. Dos governantes da Polônia da dinastia Piasta que reinaram entre 960 e 1138, três foram coroados: em 1025, Boleslau I, o Bravo; no mesmo ano, Miecislau II Lamberto; e em 1076, Boleslau II, o Tímido.
Sigismund II Augustus ( Polish: Zygmunt II August, Lithuanian: Žygimantas Augustas; 1 August 1520 – 7 July 1572) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, the son of Sigismund I the Old, whom Sigismund II succeeded in 1548. He was the first ruler of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the last male monarch from the Jagiellonian dynasty .
