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  1. The Spingarn Medal is awarded annually by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) for an outstanding achievement by an African American. The award was created in 1914 by Joel Elias Spingarn, chairman of the board of directors of the NAACP. It was first awarded to biologist Ernest E.

  2. The Spingarn Medal, which was established on June 29, 1914, is named for Joel Elias Spingarn, a white writer, literary critic, educator, and civil rights activist who served as chairman of the Board of Directors (1913–19), treasurer (1919–30), and president (1930–39) of the NAACP.

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
    • Early Life and Education
    • Founding of Omega Psi Phi
    • Career
    • Personal Life
    • Death
    • Legacy
    • Further Reading
    • External Links

    Born to Charles Just Jr. and Mary (Matthews) Just on August 14, 1883, Just was one of five children. His father and grandfather, Charles Sr., were builders. When Just was four years old, both his father and grandfather died (the former of alcoholism). Just's mother became the sole supporter of Just, his younger brother, and his younger sister. Mary...

    On November 17, 1911, Ernest Just and three Howard University students (Edgar Amos Love, Oscar James Cooper, and Frank Coleman), established the Omega Psi Phi fraternity on the campus of Howard. Love, Cooper, and Coleman had approached Just about establishing the first black fraternity on campus. Howard's faculty and administration initially oppose...

    When he graduated from Dartmouth, Just faced the same problems all black college graduates of his time did: no matter how brilliant they were or how high their grades were, it was almost impossible for black people to become faculty members at white colleges or universities. Just took what seemed to be the best choice available to him and accepted ...

    On June 12, 1912, he married Ethel Highwarden, who taught German at Howard University. They had three children: Margaret, Highwarden, and Maribel. The two divorced in 1939.That same year, Just married Hedwig Schnetzler, who was a philosophy student he met in Berlin. In 1940, Just was imprisoned by German Nazis, but was easily released thanks to the...

    At the outbreak of World War II, Just was working at the Station Biologique in Roscoff, researching the paper that would become Unsolved Problems of General Biology. Although the French government requested foreigners to evacuate the country, Just remained to complete his work. In 1940, Germany invaded France, and Just was briefly imprisoned in a p...

    Just was the subject of the 1983 biography Black Apollo of Science: The Life of Ernest Everett Just by Kenneth R. Manning. The book received the 1983 Pfizer Award and was a finalist for the 1984 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography. In 1996, the U.S. Postal Serviceissued a commemorative stamp honoring Just. Beginning in 2000, the Medical U...

    Manning, Kenneth R., Black Apollo of Science: The Life of Ernest Everett Just. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.
    Manning, Kenneth R. (2009), Reflections on E. E. Just, Black Apollo of Science, and the experiences of African American scientists. Molecular Reproduction and Development 76(11): 897–902.
    Sapp, Jan (2009), "'Just in time': Gene theory and the biology of the cell surface". Molecular Reproduction and Development 76(11): 903–911.
    Crow, James F. (2008), "Just and Unjust: E. E. Just (1883-1941)". Genetics 179: 1735–1740.
    Profile of Ernest Just Archived 2010-02-09 at the Wayback Machine- The Black Inventor Online Museum
    Works by or about Ernest Everett Just at Internet Archive
    Ernest Everett Just at Find a Grave
  3. Spingarn Medal Elizabeth Ann Eckford (born October 4, 1941) [1] is an American civil rights activist and one of the Little Rock Nine , a group of African American students who, in 1957, were the first black students ever to attend classes at the previously all-white Little Rock Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas .

  4. 26 de jan. de 2021 · The Spingarn Medal is the highest honor of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Since 1915, it has been awarded annually for the highest achievement of a living African American in the preceding year or years.