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Standard Chinese (simplified Chinese: 现代标准汉语; traditional Chinese: 現代標準漢語; pinyin: Xiàndài biāozhǔn hànyǔ; lit. 'modern standard Han speech') is a modern standard form of Mandarin Chinese that was first codified during the republican era (1912‒1949).
Standard Chinese is the standard language of China (where it is called 普通话; pǔtōnghuà) and Taiwan, and one of the four official languages of Singapore (where it is called either 华语; 華語; Huáyǔ or 汉语; 漢語; Hànyǔ). Standard Chinese is based on the Beijing dialect of Mandarin.
Standard Chinese is a standard form of Mandarin Chinese with de facto official status in China, Taiwan, and Singapore. Background. The Chinese language has always consisted of a wide variety of dialects; hence prestige dialects and linguae francae have always been needed.
Mandarin ( / ˈmændərɪn / ⓘ MAN-dər-in; simplified Chinese : 官话; traditional Chinese : 官話; pinyin : Guānhuà; lit. 'officials' speech') is a group of Chinese language dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China. The group includes the Beijing dialect, the basis of the phonology of Standard ...
Standard Chinese, or Standard Mandarin, is the official modern Chinese spoken language used in mainland China and Taiwan and is one of the four official languages of Singapore. It is based off the Mandarin dialect and should not be confused with other varieties of Chinese.
For the distinction between [ ], / / and , see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. The phonology of Standard Chinese has historically derived from the Beijing dialect of Mandarin. However, pronunciation varies widely among speakers, who may introduce elements of their local varieties.
Nomenclatura. Devido ao seu caráter historicamente pluricêntrico, o mandarim padrão possui múltiplos nomes vernaculares. O uso do próprio nome mandarim para a língua chinesa tem sua origem na ocidentalização de guānhuà (官话; 官話), literalmente língua dos burocratas ( mandarins ).
