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The Golden Bull of 1356 (Czech: Zlatá bula, German: Goldene Bulle, German pronunciation: [ˈɡɔldənə ˈbʊlə] ⓘ, Latin: Bulla Aurea, Italian: Bolla d'oro) was a decree issued by the Imperial Diet at Nuremberg and Metz (Diet of Metz, 1356/57) headed by the Emperor Charles IV which fixed, for a period of more than four hundred years, important aspects of the constitutional structure of ...
Henry IV (German: Heinrich IV; 11 November 1050 – 7 August 1106) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 to 1105, King of Germany from 1054 to 1105, King of Italy and Burgundy from 1056 to 1105, and Duke of Bavaria from 1052 to 1054. He was the son of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor —the second monarch of the Salian dynasty —and Agnes of Poitou.
Salian Dynasty. Father. Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor. Mother. Gisela of Swabia. Signum manus (1049) Henry III ( Heinrich III, 28 October 1016 – 5 October 1056), called the Black or the Pious, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1046 until his death in 1056. A member of the Salian dynasty, he was the eldest son of Conrad II and Gisela of Swabia.
Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II: 5 May 1747: 1 March 1792: married Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain (1745–1792), had issue. Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1765 (abdicated 1790), Holy Roman Emperor from 1790, Archduke of Austria, King of Hungary and King of Bohemia from 1790. 10: Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria: 17 September 1748: 17 September ...
Francis II and I ( German: Franz II.; 12 February 1768 – 2 March 1835) was the last Holy Roman Emperor as Francis II from 1792 to 1806, and the first Emperor of Austria as Francis I from 1804 to 1835. He was also King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia, and served as the first president of the German Confederation following its establishment in ...
Charles IV (born 1294—died Feb. 1, 1328, Vincennes, Fr.) was the king of France and of Navarre (as Charles I) from 1322, the last of the direct line of the Capetian dynasty. His inglorious reign was marked by his invasion of Aquitaine and by political intrigues with his sister Isabella , wife of King Edward II of England.
Charles IV – the greatest Czech. Since time immemorial, he has been known as the Father of the Homeland. Maybe that’s why most Czechs think of him as a sort of inviolable icon, a revered and idealized monarch. Nevertheless, Charles IV, this Czech King and Holy Roman Emperor was a man of flesh and blood, with strengths and weaknesses of his own.
