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The phonology of the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) has been reconstructed by linguists, based on the similarities and differences among current and extinct Indo-European languages. Because PIE was not written, linguists must rely on the evidence of its earliest attested descendants, such as Hittite , Sanskrit , Ancient Greek ...
Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family. No direct record of Proto-Indo-European exists; its proposed features have been derived by linguistic reconstruction from documented Indo-European languages.
In this monograph I shall examine the new data and some well-known but unexplained data in accordance with current linguistic methodology and propose a revised description of PIE phonology. The phonology of PIE was first described and greatly developed in the course of the nineteenth century.
Marked advances in the study of Indo-European phonology have resulted when new data were discovered and linguistic methodology refined.
As the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) broke up, its sound system diverged as well, as evidenced in various sound laws associated with the daughter Indo-European languages . Especially notable is the palatalization that produced the satem languages, along with the associated ruki sound law. Other notable changes include:
APPENDIX II: PROTO-INDO-EUROPEAN PHONOLOGY. II.1. PHONETIC RECONSTRUCTION. II.1.1. PROTO-INDO-EUROPEAN SOUND LAWS. few sound-laws can be reconstructed that may have been effective prior to the final breakup of PIE by internal reconstruction. Sievers' Law (Edgerton's Law, Lindeman's option) Grassman's Law. Bartholomae's Law. SIEVERS‘ LAW.
A língua protoindo-europeia (PIE) é o ancestral comum hipotético das línguas indo-europeias, tal como era falado há cerca de 5000 anos, pelos indo-europeus, provavelmente nas proximidades do mar Negro, cuja denominação original era Ponto Euxino .
