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Royal Standard of the Grand Duke of Hesse 1903–1918. This is a list of monarchs of Hesse (German: Hessen) during the history of Hesse on west-central Germany. These monarchs belonged to a dynasty collectively known as the House of Hesse and the House of Brabant, originally the Reginar.
- 1264
- Ernest Louis (as grand duke)
- Henry I (as landgrave)
- His Royal Highness
The Electorate of Hesse (Hesse-Kassel) was annexed by Prussia in 1866, while the Grand Duchy of Hesse (Hesse-Darmstadt) remained a sovereign realm until the end of the German monarchies in 1918. Since 23 May 2013, the head of the house has been Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse.
- 1264; 759 years ago
- Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse
The Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine ( German: Großherzogtum Hessen und bei Rhein) was a grand duchy in western Germany that existed from 1806 to 1918. The grand duchy originally formed from the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1806 as the Grand Duchy of Hesse (German: Großherzogtum Hessen ). It assumed the name Hesse und bei Rhein in 1816 ...
- Nicholas’ Early Life
- Alix’s Early Life
- The Engagement
- Disruption of The Wedding Plans
- The Wedding Site
- The Wedding Guests
- Groomsmen
- The Wedding Attire
- The Wedding
- After The Wedding
Nicholas (standing behind his father) with his parents and siblings Nicholas was the eldest of the four sons and the eldest of the six children of Alexander III, Emperor of All Russia and Empress Maria Feodorovna (born Princess Dagmar of Denmark). He was born May 18, 1868, at the Alexander Palace at Tsarskoye Selo, Russia. Nicholas’s brother Alexan...
Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine was the sixth of the seven children and the fourth of the five daughters of Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, daughter of Queen Victoria. Alix was born on June 6, 1872, at the Neues Palais in Darmstadt, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine, now in Hesse, Germany, N...
Queen Victoria, surrounded by her extended family, gathered for the wedding of Alix’s brother Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine to his first cousin Princess Victoria Melita of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1894. Nicholas and Alix are standing in the first row, second and third on the left. The photo was taken on April 21, 1894...
In 1894, Nicholas’s father Alexander III, Emperor of All Russia became ill with nephritis, a kidney disorder. Alexander was on his way to the Greek isle of Corfu where he hoped to recuperate at Mon Repos, the villa of his wife’s sister-in-law, Queen Olga of Greece. Born Grand Duchess Olga Konstantinovna of Russia, Queen Olga was also Alexander III’...
The wedding site was the Grand Church of the Winter Palace on the Neva River in St. Petersburg, Russia. In the photo above of the Winter Palace, the golden cupola of the Grand Church can be seen on the left side of the photo. The Grand Church of the Winter Palace was a Russian Orthodox church that had cathedral status and was the site of most Roman...
Many of the foreign royalty who had come to St. Petersburg for the funeral of Alexander III, Emperor of All Russia remained in Russia for the wedding. Family of the Groom 1. Empress Dowager Maria Alexandrovna of Russia (born Dagmar of Denmark), mother of Nicholas II 2. Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna of Russia, sister of Nicholas II, and Grand Duk...
In Romanov weddings, there were no bridesmaids, only groomsmen. Their main job was to hold the gold marriage crowns over the heads of the bride and groom during the Russian Orthodox wedding ceremony. The groomsmen for Nicholas and Alexandra’s wedding were: 1. Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia, brother of Nicholas II 2. Grand Duke Kirill Vl...
Nicholas wore the ceremonial dress uniform of a colonel in the Life Guards Hussar Regiment. The red tunic of the uniform was decorated with gold braid, gold epaulets, several rows of medals, and the orange sash of the Order of Hesse and by Rhine. The dark blue breeches were trimmed with gold braid. Alexandra wore a dress modeled on the traditional ...
As the guns from the Peter and Paul Fortress, just across the Neva River, fired a fifty-one-gun salute, the wedding procession began. Three thousand guests had been invited to witness the procession and they lined the halls of the Winter Palace. Proceeded by one hundred officials in pairs, Nicholas’ mother Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna led Alexa...
After the wedding, it was straight back to strict court mourning. There was no wedding breakfast or reception, and no honeymoon trip. Nicholas and Alexandra changed into traveling clothes and left the Winter Palace in an open landau drawn by four horses for the nearby Anichkov Palace, where Nicholas had spent his childhood. Nicholas wrote in his di...
Below is an indexed listing with links to biographical articles about the Grand Ducal Family of Hesse and by Rhine as well as the Princely Family of Battenberg, the British Mountbattens, and other Hessian Royals at Unofficial Royalty.
The Survival of the Hessian Nobility, 1770-1870 on JSTOR. JSTOR is part of , a not-for-profit organization helping the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways.
In fact, only about twenty Hessians were killed at 'Trenton. 954. "Barbarous Strangers" 955. historians have catered to the well-worn cliches that fit comfortably into the. standard American view of European monarchy during the Old Regime.3 Only with the appearance in English of two new studies by European historians.
