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Olfactores é um clado dentro da Chordata que compreende a Tunicata (Urochordata) e a Vertebrata (às vezes chamada de Craniata). Olfactores representam a esmagadora maioria do filo Chordata, já que os Cephalochordata são os únicos cordados não incluídos no clado.
Olfactores is a clade within the Chordata that comprises the Tunicata (Urochordata) and the Vertebrata (sometimes referred to as Craniata). Olfactores represent the overwhelming majority of the phylum Chordata, as the Cephalochordata are the only chordates not included in the clade.
- Structure
- Clinical Significance
- History
Peripheral
The peripheral olfactory system consists mainly of the nostrils, ethmoid bone, nasal cavity, and the olfactory epithelium (layers of thin tissue covered in mucus that line the nasal cavity). The primary components of the layers of epithelial tissue are the mucous membranes, olfactory glands, olfactory neurons, and nerve fibers of the olfactory nerves. Odor molecules can enter the peripheral pathway and reach the nasal cavity either through the nostrils when inhaling (olfaction) or through the...
Central
The main olfactory bulb transmits pulses to both mitral and tufted cells, which help determine odor concentration based on the time certain neuron clusters fire (called 'timing code'). These cells also note differences between highly similar odors and use that data to aid in later recognition. The cells are different with mitral having low firing-rates and being easily inhibited by neighboring cells, while tufted have high rates of firing and are more difficult to inhibit.How the bulbar neura...
Loss of smell is known as anosmia. Anosmia can occur on both sides or a single side. Olfactory problems can be divided into different types based on their malfunction. The olfactory dysfunction can be total (anosmia), incomplete (partial anosmia, hyposmia, or microsmia), distorted (dysosmia), or can be characterized by spontaneous sensations like p...
Linda B. Buck and Richard Axel won the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicinefor their work on the olfactory system.
The sense of smell has many functions, including detecting desirable foods, hazards, and pheromones, and plays a role in taste. In humans, it occurs when an odor binds to a receptor within the nasal cavity, transmitting a signal through the olfactory system. [3]
Olfactores é um clado dentro da Chordata que compreende a Tunicata ( Urochordata) e a Vertebrata (às vezes chamada de Craniata ). Olfactores representam a esmagadora maioria do filo Chordata, já que os Cephalochordata são os únicos cordados não incluídos no clado.
The Vertebrates and Tunicates compose the clade Olfactores, which is sister to Cephalochordata (see diagram under Phylogeny). Extinct taxa such as the Conodonts are Chordata, but their internal placement is less certain.
Olfactores is a group, called a clade, in taxonomy. Taxonomy is the way scientists put living things in groups to show how they are related to each other. Olfactores is part of the phylum Chordata, animals with notochords. These are rods of tissue that form inside the developing embryo.
