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Jasper Wolf, NSC, is a Dutch cinematographer. He is best known for his work on Monos, Instinct, Paradise Drifters, and Code Blue.
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Download CV Features (partial list) MONOS (Post-Production) Dir: Alejandro Landes Mutante Cine, Campo Cine, No Franja, Lemming Film, Le Pacte, Pandora Film […]
Odd Future Wolf Gang Kill Them All frequentemente abreviado OFWGKTA, [1] [2] e também conhecido simplesmente como Odd Future ou OF, é um coletivo de hip-hop alternativo americano de Los Angeles, California.
- Extirpation (1872–1926).
- Absence
- Reintroduction
- Reactions
- In Popular Culture
- See Also
- Further Reading
In 1872, when Yellowstone National Park was created, there was not yet any legal protection for wildlife in the park. In the early years of the park, administrators, hunters, and tourists were essentially free to kill any game or predator they came across. The gray wolf was especially vulnerable to this wanton killing because it was generally consi...
Ecological impacts
Once the wolves were gone, elk populations began to rise. Over the next few years, conditions of Yellowstone National Park declined drastically. A team of scientists visiting Yellowstone in 1929 and 1933 reported, "The range was in deplorable conditions when we first saw it, and its deterioration has been progressing steadily since then." By this time many biologists were worried about eroding land and plants dying off. The elk were multiplying inside the park and deciduous, woody species suc...
Reintroduction initiatives
The campaign to restore the gray wolf in Yellowstone had its roots in a number of seminal studies related to the predator-prey ecology of the park. In 1940, Adolph Murie published Ecology of the Coyote in the Yellowstone National Park. That study and his 1940–41 work The Wolves of Mount McKinley was instrumental in building a scientific foundation for wolf conservation. In 1944, noted wildlife biologist Aldo Leopold, once an avid predator control advocate, made the following comments in his r...
Initial releases 1995–96
In January 1995, U.S. and Canadian wildlife officials captured 14 wolves from multiple packs east of Jasper National Park, near Hinton, Alberta, Canada. These wolves arrived in Yellowstone in two shipments—January 12, 1995 (8 wolves) and January 20, 1995 (6 wolves). They were released into three acclimation pens—Crystal Creek, Rose Creek and Soda Butte Creekin the Lamar Valley in Northeast East Yellowstone National Park. In March 1995, the pens were opened and between March 21 and March 31, 1...
Annual wolf status since reintroduction
Wolf population declines, when they occur, result from "intraspecific strife," food stress, mange, canine distemper, legal hunting of wolves in areas outside the park (for sport or for livestock protection) and in one case in 2009, lethal removal by park officials of a human-habituated wolf. *1995-99 Data reflects status of the wolf in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Since 2000 monitoring has focused on packs operating within park boundaries. Wolves continue to spread to surrounding areas,...
Ecological impacts after re-introduction
Scientists have been researching and studying the impacts on the Yellowstone ecosystem since re-introduction in 1995. As the wolf population in the park has grown, the elk population, their favored prey, has declined. Prior to reintroduction, the EIS predicted that wolves would kill an average 12 elk per wolf annually. This estimate proved too low as wolves are now killing an average of 22 elk per wolf annually.This decline in elk has resulted in changes in flora, most specifically willows, c...
Hunting opportunities
From 2000–2004, the Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks reduced antlerless permits by 51% from 2,882 to 1,400. They proposed only 100 permits for 2006 which was a 96% decrease from the 2,660 permits issued in 1995. Initially, the effects of wolf predation on elk during the first five years of the recovery were not detected, as elk numbers were identical to those of 1980–1994. From the winter of 1995 to the winter of 2004 however, the elk greatly decreased in number, dropping from 16,791 to 8,335...
Subspecies
Historically, the wolf populations originally native to Yellowstone were classed under the subspecies C. l. irremotus. When the issue of what subspecies to use for the introduction was raised, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service representatives stated that the taxonomy of gray wolves had been revised numerous times, and that C. l. irremotus was not a distinct subspecies, but a geographical variant. Three publications were made on the appropriateness of using a founding population of Canadian wolve...
The podcast Criminal covered the killing of Wolf 10 (a male) in their episode, "Wolf 10." Their sister podcast, This is Love, produced an episode about the reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone,...
Urbigkit, Cat (2008). Yellowstone Wolves: A Chronicle of the Animal, the People, and the Politics. Blacksburg, VI: McDonald & Woodward Publishing. ISBN 978-0-939923-70-0.Bartlett, Richard A. (1974). Nature's Yellowstone. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 9780826302571.Haines, Aubrey L. (1977). The Yellowstone Story—A History of Our First National Park. Yellowstone National Park, WY: Yellowstone Library and Museum Association.Chase, Alston (1986). Playing God in Yellowstone—The Destruction of America's First National Park. Boston, MA: The Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN 0-87113-025-4.O Prêmio Wolf é um prêmio anual estabelecido desde 1978, destinado a cientistas e artistas vivos, concedido por "conquistas visando o interesse da humanidade e relações amigáveis entre povos, independente de nacionalidade, raça, cor, religião, sexo ou política".
Wolf é o segundo álbum de estúdio do rapper e produtor musical norte-americano Tyler, the Creator, lançado a 2 de Abril de 2013 através das editoras discográficas Odd Future Records e RED Distribution sob distribuição da Sony Music Entertainment.
