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Elizabeth Cecilia van Zyl (Afrikaans pronunciation: [ɪˈlizabet səˈsilja fan zɛi̯l]; 22 April 1894 – 9 May 1901) was a South African child inmate of the British-operated Bloemfontein Concentration Camp who died from typhoid fever during the Second Anglo-Boer War.
Lizzie van Zyl (1894 – Bloemfontein, 1901) foi uma criança bóer da África do Sul, morta por febre tifoide, aos sete anos de idade, num campo de concentração na cidade de Bloemfontein, durante a Segunda Guerra dos Boers (1899-1902).
5 de set. de 2017 · Lizzie Van Zyl, a dying young girl. Lizzie Van Zyl contracted typhoid fever in the camp and slowly withered away. She could not speak English. Nurses who tried to help her were told by the camp heads "not to interfere with the child as she was a nuisance." Bloemfontein Camp, South Africa. 1901. Wikimedia Commons
- Scorched-Earth Policy
- UK Public Opinion and Political Opposition
- The Fawcett Commission
- Kitchener's Policy and The Post-War Debate
- List of Concentration Camps
- References
According to historian Thomas Pakenham, in March of 1901 Lord Kitchener initiated plans to deter guerrillas in a series of systematic drives, organised like a sporting shoot, with success defined by a weekly 'bag' of killed, captured and wounded Boers, and sweep the country bare of everything that could give sustenance to the guerrillas including w...
Although the 1900 UK general election, also known as the "Khaki election", had resulted in a victory for the Conservative government on the back of recent British victories against the Boers, public support quickly waned as it became apparent that the war would not be easy and further unease developed following reports filtering back to Britain con...
Although the government had comfortably won the parliamentary debate by a margin of 252 to 149, it was stung by the criticism. Concerned by the escalating public outcry, it called on Kitchener for a detailed report. In response, complete statistical returns from camps were sent out in July 1901. By August 1901, it was clear to government and opposi...
It has been argued that "this was not a deliberately genocidal policy; rather it was the result of [a] disastrous lack of foresight and rank incompetence on [the] part of the [British] military". Scottish historian Niall Ferguson has also argued that "Kitchener no more desired the deaths of women and children in the camps than of the wounded Dervis...
Afrikaner concentration camps
The exact number of incarcerated victims of the concentration camps for Afrikaners is estimated to number around 40,000 by May of 1902, the majority of which were women and children.The total deaths in camps are officially calculated at 27,927 deaths.
Black African concentration camps
By May of 1902, when The Treaty of Vereeniging was signed, the total number of Black South Africans in concentration was recorded at 115,700.The total Black deaths in camps are officially calculated at a minimum of 14 154.81% of the fatalities were children.
Ferguson, Niall (2002). Empire: The Rise and Demise of the British World Order and the Lessons for Global Power. Basic Books. p. 235.Judd, Denis; Surridge, Keith (2013). The Boer War: A History (2nd ed.). London: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1780765914.excerpt and text search; a standard scholarly historyPakenham, Thomas (1979). The Boer War. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-394-42742-4.Spies, S.B. (1977). Methods of Barbarism: Roberts and Kitchener and Civilians in the Boer Republics January 1900 – May 1902. Cape Town: Human & Rousseau. p. 265.Known for. Boer concentration camp inmate. Elizabeth Cecilia van Zyl (1894 – 9 May 1901), [1] [2] [3] was a Boer child who died in the Bloemfontein concentration camp from typhoid during the Second Boer War. [2] [3] [4]
Lizzie van Zyl. This article has been concerned to reconstruct the original private circulation of important photographs of the concentration camps of the South African War and to distinguish this function from the propaganda purpose for which many were later appropriated.
The most famous inmate of Bloemfontein camp was a little girl, Lizzie van Zyl, who died in May 1901. Her photograph, of a skeletal child clutching her doll, has become the symbol of the inhumanity of the camp system and appears in almost every book about the camps, but her death also became a political football.
