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Though Hutton believed in uniformitarianism, the idea was not widely accepted at the time. Much of 19th-century geology revolved around the question of the Earth's exact age. Estimates varied from a few hundred thousand to billions of years. By the early 20th century, radiometric dating allowed the Earth's age to be estimated at two billion years
Cuvier. Author abbrev. (zoology) Cuvier. Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, Baron Cuvier (23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier ( French: [ʒɔʁʒ kyvje] ), was a French naturalist and zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology". [1] Cuvier was a major figure in natural sciences research in the ...
Gradualism, from the Latin gradus ("step"), is a hypothesis, a theory or a tenet assuming that change comes about gradually or that variation is gradual in nature and happens over time as opposed to in large steps. [1] Uniformitarianism, incrementalism, and reformism are similar concepts. For the Social democratics, the socialist society is ...
Uniformitarianism or Doctrine of Uniformitarianism is the assumption that the same natural laws and processes that operate in the universe now have always operated in the universe in the past and apply everywhere in the universe. It has included the gradualistic concept that "the present is the key to the past" and is functioning at the same rates. Uniformitarianism has been a key principle of ...
Figure 7.3.1 7.3. 1: Portrait of James Hutton by Sir Henry Raeburn (public domain; Wikimedia Commons). The beauty of uniformitarianism is that it allows us to use observations of the modern world to understand Earth’s history. We credit James Hutton (1726-1797) with development of the assumption of uniformitarianism.
Hutton's Unconformity. Hutton's Unconformity is a name given to various notable geological sites in Scotland identified by the 18th-century Scottish geologist James Hutton as places where the junction between two types of rock formations can be seen. This geological phenomenon marks the location where rock formations created at different times ...
Plutonism is a geological theory proposed by James Hutton, where he proposed that the main cause of the current arrangement of rocks and the Earth's surface landscape was driven through the heat provided by magma concealed within surface of the Earth, which occurred over the course of thousands if not millions of years. [8] This process is ...
